//===
plague /ple:g/ , 黑死病
plaque /pla:k/ , 牌匾(金屬, 陶瓷, 木頭 ... ), 名牌,血小板
//=== plague
http://dict.site/plague.html
1. 時疫，瘟疫，傳染病；〈the plague〉鼠疫，黑死病。
2. 天災，災害，禍患；天罰。
3. 〈口語〉討厭的人[東西]，「禍蟲」，麻煩事情，疙瘩事。
//=== plaque
an ornamental tablet, typically of metal, porcelain, or wood, that is fixed to a wall or other surface in commemoration of a person or event
MEDICINE, 班
a small, distinct, typically raised patch or region on or within the body resulting from local damage or deposition of material, such as a fatty deposit on an artery wall in atherosclerosis or a site of localized damage of brain tissue in Alzheimer's disease.
https://cdict.net/q/plaque
http://dict.site/plaque.html
//=== dental plaque, 牙斑/牙菌斑?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_plaque
Dental plaque is a biofilm or mass of bacteria that grows on surfaces within the mouth. It is a sticky colorless deposit at first, but when it forms tartar, it is often brown or pale yellow. It is commonly found between the teeth, on the front of teeth, behind teeth, on chewing surfaces, along the gumline, or below the gumline cervical margins
//=== PLAQUENIL
https://www.rxlist.com/plaquenil-drug.htm
PLAQUENIL (hydroxychloroquine sulfate) tablets contain 200 mg hydroxychloroquine sulfate, equivalent to 155 mg base, and are for oral administration
https://www.nps.org.au/medical-info/medicine-finder/plaquenil-tablets
What is Plaquenil used for
Plaquenil may be used for any of the following conditions:
Rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis is a form of arthritis with inflammation of the joints, characterised by stiffness, swelling and pain. Plaquenil may be used for short or long-term rheumatoid arthritis treatment.
In treating rheumatoid arthritis, Plaquenil may slow down the process of joint damage and relieve the symptoms of the disease.
Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE)
SLE is a disease in which a person's normal immunity is upset. The body produces an excess of blood proteins called antibodies and these antibodies may cause problems in any organ of the body.
These antibodies may end up, for example, in the skin causing a variety of skin rashes or deposit in the kidney, brain, lung and joints causing injury.
Discoid Lupus Erythematous (DLE)
DLE is similar to SLE except it only affects the skin and is characterised by a scaling, red rash.
Malaria (treatment and control of symptoms)
Malaria is an infectious disease caused by the presence of parasites in red blood cells.
The disease is characterised by chills, fever and sweats.
In malaria, Plaquenil destroys the harmful parasite which causes the illness.
Your doctor may have prescribed this medicine for another reason. Ask your doctor if you have any questions about why Plaquenil has been prescribed for you.
Plaquenil is not addictive. This medicine is available only with a doctor's prescription.
//===
Friday, May 11, 2018
Friday, February 9, 2018
地震的 規模 與 震度
//===
seismic /s'ai z m,ik/
seismograph /s'ai z m. gr,ae f/
地震的 規模 與 震度
地震的 規模 --> seismic magnitude (總能量)
地震的 震度 --> ground-shaking intensity (各地搖晃程度)
//===
花蓮6日深夜11時50分發生規模6.0、震度7級大地震，
//=== http://www.ncree.org/SafeHome/ncr01/pc3_3.htm
...
地震規模是指地震所釋放的能量，臺灣所採用的計算方式為芮氏規模，
在敘述時以「規模5.0」、「規模7.3」的方式來表示，數字的後面不加「級」字。
...
人類歷史上曾發生規模最大的地震，根據美國地質調查所觀測的記錄，
發生於1960年5月22日南美洲的智利，規模9.5。
...
地震規模每增加「1」，所釋放的能量約為前一個等級的31~32倍。
...
震度是指地震時人們對於地面震動的感受程度，
或物品因震動遭受破壞的程度。
中央氣象局利用地震觀測站所記錄的最大加速度，
計算出各地區的最大震度，表達方式為數字後加「級」，
如：「臺中市6級」、「臺北市4級」。
在一場地震當中，設在不同地區的地震觀測站所記錄到的最大震度不盡相同，
如果將震度相同的區域彼此連結，可以繪製成... 等震度圖，
... 震度約略以震央為中心，向外遞減，顯示地震能量擴散的情形。
//=== Earthquake magnitude and ground-shaking intensity
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seismic_magnitude_scales
Seismic magnitude scales are used to describe the overall strength or "size" of an earthquake. These are distinguished from seismic intensity scales that categorize the intensity or severity of ground shaking (quaking) caused by an earthquake at a given location
Magnitude is an estimate of the relative "size" or strength of an earthquake, and thus its potential for causing ground-shaking. It is "approximately related to the released seismic energy."
Intensity refers to the strength or force of groud-shaking at a given location, and can be related to the peak ground velocity.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seismic_magnitude_scales
//=== https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richter_magnitude_scale
芮氏規模
....
Richter magnitude scale (ML, also Richter scale) assigns a magnitude number to quantify the size of an earthquake. The Richter scale, developed in the 1930s by Charles Francis Richter and Beno Gutenberg, is a base-10 logarithmic scale in order to cover the huge range of earthquakes
The scale was replaced in the 1970s by the moment magnitude scale (MMS, symbol Mw);
for earthquakes adequately measured by the Richter scale, numerical values are approximately the same.
Although values measured for earthquakes now are {\displaystyle M_{w}} M_{w} (MMS), they are frequently reported by the press as Richter values, even for earthquakes of magnitude over 8, when the Richter scale becomes meaningless.
...
//===
seismic /s'ai z m,ik/
seismograph /s'ai z m. gr,ae f/
地震的 規模 與 震度
地震的 規模 --> seismic magnitude (總能量)
地震的 震度 --> ground-shaking intensity (各地搖晃程度)
//===
花蓮6日深夜11時50分發生規模6.0、震度7級大地震，
//=== http://www.ncree.org/SafeHome/ncr01/pc3_3.htm
...
地震規模是指地震所釋放的能量，臺灣所採用的計算方式為芮氏規模，
在敘述時以「規模5.0」、「規模7.3」的方式來表示，數字的後面不加「級」字。
...
人類歷史上曾發生規模最大的地震，根據美國地質調查所觀測的記錄，
發生於1960年5月22日南美洲的智利，規模9.5。
...
地震規模每增加「1」，所釋放的能量約為前一個等級的31~32倍。
...
震度是指地震時人們對於地面震動的感受程度，
或物品因震動遭受破壞的程度。
中央氣象局利用地震觀測站所記錄的最大加速度，
計算出各地區的最大震度，表達方式為數字後加「級」，
如：「臺中市6級」、「臺北市4級」。
在一場地震當中，設在不同地區的地震觀測站所記錄到的最大震度不盡相同，
如果將震度相同的區域彼此連結，可以繪製成... 等震度圖，
... 震度約略以震央為中心，向外遞減，顯示地震能量擴散的情形。
//=== Earthquake magnitude and ground-shaking intensity
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seismic_magnitude_scales
Seismic magnitude scales are used to describe the overall strength or "size" of an earthquake. These are distinguished from seismic intensity scales that categorize the intensity or severity of ground shaking (quaking) caused by an earthquake at a given location
Magnitude is an estimate of the relative "size" or strength of an earthquake, and thus its potential for causing ground-shaking. It is "approximately related to the released seismic energy."
Intensity refers to the strength or force of groud-shaking at a given location, and can be related to the peak ground velocity.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seismic_magnitude_scales
//=== https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richter_magnitude_scale
芮氏規模
....
Richter magnitude scale (ML, also Richter scale) assigns a magnitude number to quantify the size of an earthquake. The Richter scale, developed in the 1930s by Charles Francis Richter and Beno Gutenberg, is a base-10 logarithmic scale in order to cover the huge range of earthquakes
The scale was replaced in the 1970s by the moment magnitude scale (MMS, symbol Mw);
for earthquakes adequately measured by the Richter scale, numerical values are approximately the same.
Although values measured for earthquakes now are {\displaystyle M_{w}} M_{w} (MMS), they are frequently reported by the press as Richter values, even for earthquakes of magnitude over 8, when the Richter scale becomes meaningless.
...
//===
Saturday, January 20, 2018
This is not a drill
This is not a drill.
這不是演習
This is not a false alarm.
Hawaii
Hawaiian
'This is not a drill': Hawaiians get false alert of missile attack due to ...
'This Is Not A Drill': A False Ballistic Missile Alert Shakes Hawaii
//=== https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/01/13/577871075/this-is-not-a-drill-a-false-ballistic-missile-alert-shakes-hawaii
...
A Hawaii Civil Defense Warning Device will sound an alarm during natural disasters. In December, the Hawaii Emergency Management Agency tested a statewide alert tone signaling nuclear threat.
...
Hawaii residents and tourists alike were shaken shortly after 8 a.m. local time Saturday when a push notification alerted those in the state to a missile threat, causing an immediate panic until officials confirmed it was a false alarm.
Emergency Alert
"BALLISTIC MISSILE THREAT INBOUND TO HAWAII. SEEK IMMEDIATE SHELTER. THIS IS NOT A DRILL,"
read the message, which also blared across Hawaiian televisions stations.
Rep. Tulsi Gabbard, D-Hawaii, confirmed the false alarm on Twitter 12 minutes after the errant message was sent. But it took about 38 minutes for another push notification to arrive on phones declaring there was no real danger.
...
Vern Miyagi, the agency's administrator, apologized and said the false alarm was caused by a "human error," when the wrong button was pushed during a shift-change drill.
...
//===
drill rig
drilling rig
offshore oil rig
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drilling_rig
...
A drilling rig is a machine that creates holes in the earth sub-surface.
Drilling rigs can be massive structures housing equipment used to drill
water wells, oil wells, or natural gas extraction wells,
or
they can be small enough to be moved manually by one person and such are called augers
...
Drilling rigs can be mobile equipment mounted on trucks, tracks or trailers, or more permanent land or marine-based structures (such as oil platforms, commonly called 'offshore oil rigs' even if they don't contain a drilling rig).
...
The term "rig" therefore generally refers to the complex equipment that is used to penetrate the surface of the Earth's crust.
It is also referred to as a Hoopanoo as slang in certain parts of the United States of America.
...
Auger drilling
Auger drilling is done with a helical screw which is driven into the ground with rotation; the earth is lifted up the borehole by the blade of the screw. Hollow stem auger drilling is used for softer ground such as swamps where the hole will not stay open by itself for environmental drilling, geotechnical drilling, soil engineering and geochemistry reconnaissance work in exploration for mineral deposits. Solid flight augers/bucket augers are used in harder ground construction drilling. In some cases, mine shafts are dug with auger drills. Small augers can be mounted on the back of a utility truck, with large augers used for sinking piles for bridge foundations.
Auger drilling is restricted to generally soft unconsolidated material or weak weathered rock. It is cheap and fast.
...
Percussion rotary air blast drilling (RAB)[edit]
RAB drilling is used most frequently in the mineral exploration industry. (This tool is also known as a Down-the-hole drill.) The drill uses a pneumatic reciprocating piston-driven "hammer" to energetically drive a heavy drill bit into the rock. The drill bit is hollow, solid steel and has ~20 mm thick tungsten rods protruding from the steel matrix as "buttons". The tungsten buttons are the cutting face of the bit.
...
Air core drilling
... Where possible, air core drilling is preferred over RAB drilling as it provides a more representative sample.
...
Cable tool drilling
...
These slow rigs have mostly been replaced by rotary drilling rigs in the U.S.
...
this drilling method has largely been supplanted in recent years by other, faster drilling techniques, it is still the most practicable drilling method for large diameter, deep bedrock wells, and in widespread use for small rural water supply wells.
...
Cable tool rigs now are nearly obsolete in the United States. They are mostly used in Africa or Third-World countries.
...
//===
這不是演習
This is not a false alarm.
Hawaii
Hawaiian
'This is not a drill': Hawaiians get false alert of missile attack due to ...
'This Is Not A Drill': A False Ballistic Missile Alert Shakes Hawaii
//=== https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/01/13/577871075/this-is-not-a-drill-a-false-ballistic-missile-alert-shakes-hawaii
...
A Hawaii Civil Defense Warning Device will sound an alarm during natural disasters. In December, the Hawaii Emergency Management Agency tested a statewide alert tone signaling nuclear threat.
...
Hawaii residents and tourists alike were shaken shortly after 8 a.m. local time Saturday when a push notification alerted those in the state to a missile threat, causing an immediate panic until officials confirmed it was a false alarm.
Emergency Alert
"BALLISTIC MISSILE THREAT INBOUND TO HAWAII. SEEK IMMEDIATE SHELTER. THIS IS NOT A DRILL,"
read the message, which also blared across Hawaiian televisions stations.
Rep. Tulsi Gabbard, D-Hawaii, confirmed the false alarm on Twitter 12 minutes after the errant message was sent. But it took about 38 minutes for another push notification to arrive on phones declaring there was no real danger.
...
Vern Miyagi, the agency's administrator, apologized and said the false alarm was caused by a "human error," when the wrong button was pushed during a shift-change drill.
...
//===
drill rig
drilling rig
offshore oil rig
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drilling_rig
...
A drilling rig is a machine that creates holes in the earth sub-surface.
Drilling rigs can be massive structures housing equipment used to drill
water wells, oil wells, or natural gas extraction wells,
or
they can be small enough to be moved manually by one person and such are called augers
...
Drilling rigs can be mobile equipment mounted on trucks, tracks or trailers, or more permanent land or marine-based structures (such as oil platforms, commonly called 'offshore oil rigs' even if they don't contain a drilling rig).
...
The term "rig" therefore generally refers to the complex equipment that is used to penetrate the surface of the Earth's crust.
It is also referred to as a Hoopanoo as slang in certain parts of the United States of America.
...
Auger drilling
Auger drilling is done with a helical screw which is driven into the ground with rotation; the earth is lifted up the borehole by the blade of the screw. Hollow stem auger drilling is used for softer ground such as swamps where the hole will not stay open by itself for environmental drilling, geotechnical drilling, soil engineering and geochemistry reconnaissance work in exploration for mineral deposits. Solid flight augers/bucket augers are used in harder ground construction drilling. In some cases, mine shafts are dug with auger drills. Small augers can be mounted on the back of a utility truck, with large augers used for sinking piles for bridge foundations.
Auger drilling is restricted to generally soft unconsolidated material or weak weathered rock. It is cheap and fast.
...
Percussion rotary air blast drilling (RAB)[edit]
RAB drilling is used most frequently in the mineral exploration industry. (This tool is also known as a Down-the-hole drill.) The drill uses a pneumatic reciprocating piston-driven "hammer" to energetically drive a heavy drill bit into the rock. The drill bit is hollow, solid steel and has ~20 mm thick tungsten rods protruding from the steel matrix as "buttons". The tungsten buttons are the cutting face of the bit.
...
Air core drilling
... Where possible, air core drilling is preferred over RAB drilling as it provides a more representative sample.
...
Cable tool drilling
...
These slow rigs have mostly been replaced by rotary drilling rigs in the U.S.
...
this drilling method has largely been supplanted in recent years by other, faster drilling techniques, it is still the most practicable drilling method for large diameter, deep bedrock wells, and in widespread use for small rural water supply wells.
...
Cable tool rigs now are nearly obsolete in the United States. They are mostly used in Africa or Third-World countries.
...
//===
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