//===
seismic /s'ai z m,ik/
seismograph /s'ai z m. gr,ae f/
地震的 規模 與 震度
地震的 規模 --> seismic magnitude (總能量)
地震的 震度 --> ground-shaking intensity (各地搖晃程度)
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花蓮6日深夜11時50分發生規模6.0、震度7級大地震，
//=== http://www.ncree.org/SafeHome/ncr01/pc3_3.htm
...
地震規模是指地震所釋放的能量，臺灣所採用的計算方式為芮氏規模，
在敘述時以「規模5.0」、「規模7.3」的方式來表示，數字的後面不加「級」字。
...
人類歷史上曾發生規模最大的地震，根據美國地質調查所觀測的記錄，
發生於1960年5月22日南美洲的智利，規模9.5。
...
地震規模每增加「1」，所釋放的能量約為前一個等級的31~32倍。
...
震度是指地震時人們對於地面震動的感受程度，
或物品因震動遭受破壞的程度。
中央氣象局利用地震觀測站所記錄的最大加速度，
計算出各地區的最大震度，表達方式為數字後加「級」，
如：「臺中市6級」、「臺北市4級」。
在一場地震當中，設在不同地區的地震觀測站所記錄到的最大震度不盡相同，
如果將震度相同的區域彼此連結，可以繪製成... 等震度圖，
... 震度約略以震央為中心，向外遞減，顯示地震能量擴散的情形。
//=== Earthquake magnitude and ground-shaking intensity
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seismic_magnitude_scales
Seismic magnitude scales are used to describe the overall strength or "size" of an earthquake. These are distinguished from seismic intensity scales that categorize the intensity or severity of ground shaking (quaking) caused by an earthquake at a given location
Magnitude is an estimate of the relative "size" or strength of an earthquake, and thus its potential for causing ground-shaking. It is "approximately related to the released seismic energy."
Intensity refers to the strength or force of groud-shaking at a given location, and can be related to the peak ground velocity.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seismic_magnitude_scales
//=== https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richter_magnitude_scale
芮氏規模
....
Richter magnitude scale (ML, also Richter scale) assigns a magnitude number to quantify the size of an earthquake. The Richter scale, developed in the 1930s by Charles Francis Richter and Beno Gutenberg, is a base-10 logarithmic scale in order to cover the huge range of earthquakes
The scale was replaced in the 1970s by the moment magnitude scale (MMS, symbol Mw);
for earthquakes adequately measured by the Richter scale, numerical values are approximately the same.
Although values measured for earthquakes now are {\displaystyle M_{w}} M_{w} (MMS), they are frequently reported by the press as Richter values, even for earthquakes of magnitude over 8, when the Richter scale becomes meaningless.
...
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