//=== 刑事紀錄, 素行紀錄, 良民證
正式名稱: 警察刑事紀錄證明書
(Police Criminal Record Certificate)
No conviction recorded
無素行不良紀錄
//=== https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/conviction
conviction
noun , /kənˈvɪk.ʃən/ US /kənˈvɪk.ʃən/
判罪, 定罪,
[ C or U ] the fact of officially being found to be guilty of a particular crime, or the act of officially finding someone guilty
- Since it was her first conviction for stealing, she was given a less severe sentence.
- He has a long record of previous convictions for similar offences.
- The conviction of the three demonstrators has caused public outrage locally.
//===
Tuesday, December 12, 2017
Friday, December 8, 2017
ton vs tonne
//=== https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ton
ton vs tonne
Where confusion is possible, the 2240 lb ton is called "long ton" and the 2000 lb ton "short ton";
the tonne is distinguished by its spelling, but usually pronounced the same as ton,
hence the US term "metric ton".
In the UK the final "e" of "tonne" can also be pronounced (/ˈtʌnɪ/), or "metric ton" when it is necessary to make the distinction.
Ton is derived from the tun, the term applied to a cask of the largest size.
This could contain a volume between 175 and 213 imperial gallons (210 and 256 US gal; 800 and 970 l), which could weigh around 2,000 pounds (910 kg) and occupy some 60 cubic feet (1.7 m^3) of space.
The origin for the word ton comes from ancient Greek θύννος (thúnnos, tuna fish).
In the United Kingdom the ton is defined as 2,240 avoirdupois pounds (1,016 kg).
This is equivalent to 20 hundredweight, a hundredweight being eight stone, and a stone weighing 14 pounds.
From 1965 the UK embarked upon a programme of metrication and gradually introduced metric units,
including the tonne (metric ton), defined as 1000 kg (2,204.6 lb).
In the United States and formerly Canada[4] a ton is defined to be 2,000 pounds (907 kg).
//=== https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%99%B8
英噸（ton）或噸是英制單位，使用地區主要為英國、美國與一些英联邦國家。其和公吨（tonne或metricton）有所區別。
廣義的英噸又可分為長噸（long ton）和短噸（short ton）。
長噸：在英國較為常用，為狹義的「英噸」，在英國常直接稱為「噸」（ton）。
短噸：在美國較為常用，又稱「美噸」
單位換算[编辑]
1長噸 = 2,240磅。
1短噸 = 2,000磅。
公制換算1長噸 = 1.0160469088公吨 = 1016.0469088公斤；和公吨只差不到2%。
1短噸 = 0.90718474公吨 = 907.18474公斤。
//===
ton vs tonne
Where confusion is possible, the 2240 lb ton is called "long ton" and the 2000 lb ton "short ton";
the tonne is distinguished by its spelling, but usually pronounced the same as ton,
hence the US term "metric ton".
In the UK the final "e" of "tonne" can also be pronounced (/ˈtʌnɪ/), or "metric ton" when it is necessary to make the distinction.
Ton is derived from the tun, the term applied to a cask of the largest size.
This could contain a volume between 175 and 213 imperial gallons (210 and 256 US gal; 800 and 970 l), which could weigh around 2,000 pounds (910 kg) and occupy some 60 cubic feet (1.7 m^3) of space.
The origin for the word ton comes from ancient Greek θύννος (thúnnos, tuna fish).
In the United Kingdom the ton is defined as 2,240 avoirdupois pounds (1,016 kg).
This is equivalent to 20 hundredweight, a hundredweight being eight stone, and a stone weighing 14 pounds.
From 1965 the UK embarked upon a programme of metrication and gradually introduced metric units,
including the tonne (metric ton), defined as 1000 kg (2,204.6 lb).
In the United States and formerly Canada[4] a ton is defined to be 2,000 pounds (907 kg).
//=== https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%99%B8
英噸（ton）或噸是英制單位，使用地區主要為英國、美國與一些英联邦國家。其和公吨（tonne或metricton）有所區別。
廣義的英噸又可分為長噸（long ton）和短噸（short ton）。
長噸：在英國較為常用，為狹義的「英噸」，在英國常直接稱為「噸」（ton）。
短噸：在美國較為常用，又稱「美噸」
單位換算[编辑]
1長噸 = 2,240磅。
1短噸 = 2,000磅。
公制換算1長噸 = 1.0160469088公吨 = 1016.0469088公斤；和公吨只差不到2%。
1短噸 = 0.90718474公吨 = 907.18474公斤。
//===
subpoena 的 b 不發音
subpoena, /səˈpi·nə/
b 不發音
dumb, thumb, bomb 等字尾的 b 也不發音
//=== https://www.thestreet.com/story/14410549/1/deutsche-bank-subpoenaed-in-mueller-probe-into-trump-ties-with-russia.html
Deutsche Bank Subpoenaed in Mueller Probe Into Trump Ties With Russia
通俄門事件調查, 因川普家族與DB(德意志銀行, Deutsche Bank)的密切往來,
Special Counsel Robert Mueller 對 DB 發出了 subpoena.
//=== https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/subpoena
subpoena, 傳喚證人/令 提呈證物,文件
[vt] /səˈpi·nə/
- to order someone to go to a court of law to answer questions, or
- to order the appearance of documents in a court of law:
to subpoena a witness : 傳喚目擊證人出庭
subpoena , 傳票, 出庭令
[nc] /səˈpi·nə/
The judge issued a subpoena.
//===
b 不發音
dumb, thumb, bomb 等字尾的 b 也不發音
//=== https://www.thestreet.com/story/14410549/1/deutsche-bank-subpoenaed-in-mueller-probe-into-trump-ties-with-russia.html
Deutsche Bank Subpoenaed in Mueller Probe Into Trump Ties With Russia
通俄門事件調查, 因川普家族與DB(德意志銀行, Deutsche Bank)的密切往來,
Special Counsel Robert Mueller 對 DB 發出了 subpoena.
//=== https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/subpoena
subpoena, 傳喚證人/令 提呈證物,文件
[vt] /səˈpi·nə/
- to order someone to go to a court of law to answer questions, or
- to order the appearance of documents in a court of law:
to subpoena a witness : 傳喚目擊證人出庭
subpoena , 傳票, 出庭令
[nc] /səˈpi·nə/
The judge issued a subpoena.
//===
Wednesday, December 6, 2017
personal vs personnel
//=== https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/personnel
personnel, 人員 --> human resource
plural noun , /ˌpɜr·səˈnel/
the people working in an organization or for a particular type of employer:
pesonal, 個人/個人的
adjective , /ˈpɜr·sə·nəl/
relating or belonging to a single or particular person:
I think you have a personal responsibility to know when to stop.
That’s my personal opinion.
xxx indivisual
--> individual , 個體/個別的
noun [ C ] , /ˌɪn·dəˈvɪdʒ·u·əl/
a single person or thing, esp. when compared to the group or set to which it belongs:
We will remember him as an individual who always tried to make people happy.
//=== https://www.vocabulary.com/articles/chooseyourwords/personal-personnel/
...
Personal and personnel can be confused if the writer is not diligent, especially as both can be used as a noun and an adjective
...
XYZ Co. is letting go of personnel at an alarming rate.
My personal files include notes on how to take over the world using just a red paperclip.
Match.com and other dating sites have eliminated the need to advertise in the personals.
*** The HR department kept James' personnel file updated with all the complaints about his work habits.
//===
personnel, 人員 --> human resource
plural noun , /ˌpɜr·səˈnel/
the people working in an organization or for a particular type of employer:
pesonal, 個人/個人的
adjective , /ˈpɜr·sə·nəl/
relating or belonging to a single or particular person:
I think you have a personal responsibility to know when to stop.
That’s my personal opinion.
xxx indivisual
--> individual , 個體/個別的
noun [ C ] , /ˌɪn·dəˈvɪdʒ·u·əl/
a single person or thing, esp. when compared to the group or set to which it belongs:
We will remember him as an individual who always tried to make people happy.
//=== https://www.vocabulary.com/articles/chooseyourwords/personal-personnel/
...
Personal and personnel can be confused if the writer is not diligent, especially as both can be used as a noun and an adjective
...
XYZ Co. is letting go of personnel at an alarming rate.
My personal files include notes on how to take over the world using just a red paperclip.
Match.com and other dating sites have eliminated the need to advertise in the personals.
*** The HR department kept James' personnel file updated with all the complaints about his work habits.
//===
快感的英文
//=== 快感的英文
https://tw.ichacha.net/%E5%BF%AB%E6%84%9F.html
pleasant sensation; delight; pleasure; joy ;
快感學: hedonics
性快感: sexual pleasure
短暫的快感: fleeting pleasure
She would have liked to share with him the joy she had felt .
//=== https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/rejoice
rejoice
[vi] /rɪˈdʒɔɪs/
to feel or show great happiness
Everyone rejoiced at the news of his safe return.
//===
https://tw.ichacha.net/%E5%BF%AB%E6%84%9F.html
pleasant sensation; delight; pleasure; joy ;
快感學: hedonics
性快感: sexual pleasure
短暫的快感: fleeting pleasure
She would have liked to share with him the joy she had felt .
//=== https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/rejoice
rejoice
[vi] /rɪˈdʒɔɪs/
to feel or show great happiness
Everyone rejoiced at the news of his safe return.
//===
槓龜的英文
//=== https://christabelle.idv.tw/archives/264
...
「槓龜」一詞，是源自於日文的發音，而日文是取英文中的 skunk 一詞來的。
...借用外來字，如果是單一子音，一定會為這個子音再配上一個母音，以符合日文本身的語音規則。
也就是說， skunk這個字，會發成類似「斯共苦」的音，
進入台語之後，可能因為「斯」的音弱化了，
就變成「共苦」，也就是「槓龜」一詞的台語發音了。
...
skunk，如果去查字典就知道，叫做「臭鼬」，
也有另一個意思：「壓倒性的勝利（相差30分為一個skunk）」。
也就是說，另一方慘敗，大失敗，就是槓龜了。
...
//=== http://blog.xuite.net/water0289281566/twblog/122032391
...
最合音義和歷史淵源的是正確寫法為「貢龜」，而非「槓龜」。 貢龜的白話有二義：一是進貢烏龜，另一是貢品烏龜，前者為動詞用法，後者為名詞用法。
因為是要進貢給皇帝的，豈是等閒之物。一旦貢上，便有去無回。收貢者囊袋飽飽，進貢者卻兩手空空。用在賭博上就如贏者與輸者之寫照。
...
殷墟龜甲殘片偶猶可見「某某貢龜十隻」，「某某貢龜一千」的契刻誌文，由此可證貢龜一詞由來已久，且有歷史的典故。
...
//=== http://ask1956.pixnet.net/blog/post/41096032-38
...
閩南語有一句俏皮話(又名歇後語)說「上帝爺博輸筊─當龜」,
因為其由來已久,且散播範圍徧及全省,但知道其出典者不多,值得做個探討。
在臺灣光復之初,有一本臺南市聞人許丙丁先生所撰寫的<小封神>,
曾經風行一時...
書中一開頭,即敘述「當龜」之事,而又跟賭博有關。
閩南語俗稱「賭博」為「博筊(ㄅㄨㄚ上去 ㄍㄧㄠ\)」
(按:以「桮筊」請示神意的行為稱作「卜桮」,
<石林燕語>:「高辛廟有竹桮筊,以一俯一仰為聖筊。」
「筊桮」又音轉為「摴(ㄕㄨ)蒱」,倒裝為「
博戲」;「摴(ㄊㄨ)蒱」音叶「賭博」,
閩南語謂「聖筊」曰「祥桮」,
故「卜筊」應為「博筊(蒱摴)」一語的源頭,而為「卜桮筊」的簡稱),
傳說上帝爺足踏龜、蛇,
... 玄天上帝某日到街上閒逛,被慫恿參加街頭聚賭,
賭輸了沒錢還,逼不得已,只好連「龜」也拿去當舖抵押了!
作者「當龜」的靈感應來自於「當鍋」,在生活水
平較差、物資普遍缺乏的年代裏,一個人若賭輸得很慘
的話,是有可能連家中的「鍋子」也拿出去「當」掉的,
...
「當龜」實即「尻(ㄉㄥ\ ㄍㄨ)」之諧音,
當某人不小心滑倒跌坐地上,或參與競賽鎩羽而歸時,
也常被嘲以「上帝爺(公)博輸局─尻」!
<說文>:「???,髀也。徐曰:從丌、從几,皆所以居止也。」
<增韻>:「尻,脊骨盡處。」
閩南語謂「臀部」為「尻髀(ㄎㄚ下去 ㄘ
ㄥ下去 ㄆㄝ\)」,又引申臀部跌坐地面曰「」。
<集韻>:「或作臀;,與髀同,股也。」
臀部俗稱「股」或「股」,時下多誤作「屁股」。
閩南語「尻」又音近「踞(ㄍㄨ)」、「杌(ㄎㄨ下入,木無枝也)」、
「俯(ㄎㄨ下平)」,人頹喪失意(杌)時往往俯首蹲踞。
時下又流行把「鎩羽而歸」稱做「鬨(ㄍㄛㄥ\)尻」,
但多寫成「槓龜」,
據報載就有人在賭輸了六合彩之餘,果真買來了烏龜一頓亂棍予以擊斃,
以為如此做可以去掉霉運。
由於「攩」又<唐韻,集韻>並:「胡曠切」黃去聲,搥打也,或作撗,
故起初以為是「尻」音訛為「攩尻」,而義同「鬨尻」;
但冷靜一想,則其要傳達的本義不過就是「光棍」,
身上的幾個錢既輸光了,不是剩下「雙腳夾一粒葩」嗎!
此外,若輸贏正好扯平,或前債已然償還,兩造互不相欠則每說「無絓」,
偏偏這句話又正好跟「烏龜」同音;
烏龜...其行動上的蘑菇、延擱,
故閩南語形容不爽利之人讀如「龜毛(佝)」;
俚俗又謂以妻女供人奸淫者曰「烏龜」,音叶「污閨」故也!
//===
...
「槓龜」一詞，是源自於日文的發音，而日文是取英文中的 skunk 一詞來的。
...借用外來字，如果是單一子音，一定會為這個子音再配上一個母音，以符合日文本身的語音規則。
也就是說， skunk這個字，會發成類似「斯共苦」的音，
進入台語之後，可能因為「斯」的音弱化了，
就變成「共苦」，也就是「槓龜」一詞的台語發音了。
...
skunk，如果去查字典就知道，叫做「臭鼬」，
也有另一個意思：「壓倒性的勝利（相差30分為一個skunk）」。
也就是說，另一方慘敗，大失敗，就是槓龜了。
...
//=== http://blog.xuite.net/water0289281566/twblog/122032391
...
最合音義和歷史淵源的是正確寫法為「貢龜」，而非「槓龜」。 貢龜的白話有二義：一是進貢烏龜，另一是貢品烏龜，前者為動詞用法，後者為名詞用法。
因為是要進貢給皇帝的，豈是等閒之物。一旦貢上，便有去無回。收貢者囊袋飽飽，進貢者卻兩手空空。用在賭博上就如贏者與輸者之寫照。
...
殷墟龜甲殘片偶猶可見「某某貢龜十隻」，「某某貢龜一千」的契刻誌文，由此可證貢龜一詞由來已久，且有歷史的典故。
...
//=== http://ask1956.pixnet.net/blog/post/41096032-38
...
閩南語有一句俏皮話(又名歇後語)說「上帝爺博輸筊─當龜」,
因為其由來已久,且散播範圍徧及全省,但知道其出典者不多,值得做個探討。
在臺灣光復之初,有一本臺南市聞人許丙丁先生所撰寫的<小封神>,
曾經風行一時...
書中一開頭,即敘述「當龜」之事,而又跟賭博有關。
閩南語俗稱「賭博」為「博筊(ㄅㄨㄚ上去 ㄍㄧㄠ\)」
(按:以「桮筊」請示神意的行為稱作「卜桮」,
<石林燕語>:「高辛廟有竹桮筊,以一俯一仰為聖筊。」
「筊桮」又音轉為「摴(ㄕㄨ)蒱」,倒裝為「
博戲」;「摴(ㄊㄨ)蒱」音叶「賭博」,
閩南語謂「聖筊」曰「祥桮」,
故「卜筊」應為「博筊(蒱摴)」一語的源頭,而為「卜桮筊」的簡稱),
傳說上帝爺足踏龜、蛇,
... 玄天上帝某日到街上閒逛,被慫恿參加街頭聚賭,
賭輸了沒錢還,逼不得已,只好連「龜」也拿去當舖抵押了!
作者「當龜」的靈感應來自於「當鍋」,在生活水
平較差、物資普遍缺乏的年代裏,一個人若賭輸得很慘
的話,是有可能連家中的「鍋子」也拿出去「當」掉的,
...
「當龜」實即「尻(ㄉㄥ\ ㄍㄨ)」之諧音,
當某人不小心滑倒跌坐地上,或參與競賽鎩羽而歸時,
也常被嘲以「上帝爺(公)博輸局─尻」!
<說文>:「???,髀也。徐曰:從丌、從几,皆所以居止也。」
<增韻>:「尻,脊骨盡處。」
閩南語謂「臀部」為「尻髀(ㄎㄚ下去 ㄘ
ㄥ下去 ㄆㄝ\)」,又引申臀部跌坐地面曰「」。
<集韻>:「或作臀;,與髀同,股也。」
臀部俗稱「股」或「股」,時下多誤作「屁股」。
閩南語「尻」又音近「踞(ㄍㄨ)」、「杌(ㄎㄨ下入,木無枝也)」、
「俯(ㄎㄨ下平)」,人頹喪失意(杌)時往往俯首蹲踞。
時下又流行把「鎩羽而歸」稱做「鬨(ㄍㄛㄥ\)尻」,
但多寫成「槓龜」,
據報載就有人在賭輸了六合彩之餘,果真買來了烏龜一頓亂棍予以擊斃,
以為如此做可以去掉霉運。
由於「攩」又<唐韻,集韻>並:「胡曠切」黃去聲,搥打也,或作撗,
故起初以為是「尻」音訛為「攩尻」,而義同「鬨尻」;
但冷靜一想,則其要傳達的本義不過就是「光棍」,
身上的幾個錢既輸光了,不是剩下「雙腳夾一粒葩」嗎!
此外,若輸贏正好扯平,或前債已然償還,兩造互不相欠則每說「無絓」,
偏偏這句話又正好跟「烏龜」同音;
烏龜...其行動上的蘑菇、延擱,
故閩南語形容不爽利之人讀如「龜毛(佝)」;
俚俗又謂以妻女供人奸淫者曰「烏龜」,音叶「污閨」故也!
//===
猜拳的英文
//=== https://tw.ichacha.net/%E7%8C%9C%E6%8B%B3.html
猜拳, 划拳, 豁拳, 劃拳
(play the) finger-guessing game
to play the finger game; play at “guess-fingers"
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8C%9C%E6%8B%B3
//=== 剪刀 石頭 布
http://blogs.teachersammy.com/Blogs/2010/09/22#.Wifx0lWWbIU
...
老外最常用的是 rock-paper-scissors
而不是台灣常在教小朋友的 paper-scissors-stone
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock-paper-scissors
在出拳前數三下時, 就是喊: Rock! Paper! Scissors!
或是法文的 Ro! Cham! Beau!
(唸 [ ro ʃæm bo ] )
既然它是個遊戲, 動詞 當然是 用 play
比如: Let’s play rock-paper-scissors.
...
http://www.english.com.tw/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=1072
台灣猜拳的順序跟美國人不太一樣~
美國人的順序是 "rock, paper, scissors" or "paper, scissors, stone."
http://www.chtoen.com/%E7%8C%9C%E6%8B%B3%E7%9A%84%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87%E6%80%8E%E9%BA%BC%E8%AA%AA
rocket-paper-scissors
https://www.ptt.cc/man/Eng-Class/DB1C/M.1097377263.A.9A6.html
1 rock paper scissor shoot
2 paper scissor stone
http://blog.xuite.net/hhcjuliet/journal/9467476
...
"丟銅板"
就是我們的"字或人頭" "Head or Tail,(pick one)"
...
//===
猜拳, 划拳, 豁拳, 劃拳
(play the) finger-guessing game
to play the finger game; play at “guess-fingers"
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8C%9C%E6%8B%B3
//=== 剪刀 石頭 布
http://blogs.teachersammy.com/Blogs/2010/09/22#.Wifx0lWWbIU
...
老外最常用的是 rock-paper-scissors
而不是台灣常在教小朋友的 paper-scissors-stone
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock-paper-scissors
在出拳前數三下時, 就是喊: Rock! Paper! Scissors!
或是法文的 Ro! Cham! Beau!
(唸 [ ro ʃæm bo ] )
既然它是個遊戲, 動詞 當然是 用 play
比如: Let’s play rock-paper-scissors.
...
http://www.english.com.tw/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=1072
台灣猜拳的順序跟美國人不太一樣~
美國人的順序是 "rock, paper, scissors" or "paper, scissors, stone."
http://www.chtoen.com/%E7%8C%9C%E6%8B%B3%E7%9A%84%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87%E6%80%8E%E9%BA%BC%E8%AA%AA
rocket-paper-scissors
https://www.ptt.cc/man/Eng-Class/DB1C/M.1097377263.A.9A6.html
1 rock paper scissor shoot
2 paper scissor stone
http://blog.xuite.net/hhcjuliet/journal/9467476
...
"丟銅板"
就是我們的"字或人頭" "Head or Tail,(pick one)"
...
//===
Sunday, December 3, 2017
t 轉音, t -> tsh
t 轉音 變成 發 /tsh/ 的音
eventual, righteous,
celestial /sɪˈles.tʃəl/
不過
celestial 也可以發 /sɪˈles.ti.əl/ [UK]
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/celestial
//=== d轉音, d -> dzh
individual , /ˌɪn·dəˈvɪdʒ·u·əl/
eventual, righteous,
celestial /sɪˈles.tʃəl/
不過
celestial 也可以發 /sɪˈles.ti.əl/ [UK]
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/celestial
//=== d轉音, d -> dzh
individual , /ˌɪn·dəˈvɪdʒ·u·əl/
Tuesday, November 28, 2017
pull off vs write off
//=== pull off
Here's a quick recap of how Amazon pulled off this market-smashing performance,
(拉出 一波 超乎市場預期的表現)
(使勁)摘掉, 脫掉.
They pulled off their stockings.
成功完成.
The plan was difficult and risky, but we pulled it off.
http://www.english.com.tw/forum/pull-off-t20310.html
1. pull off= take off 脫下
例句: He pulled off his wet jeans.
pull on 穿上
例句: It’s so cold now. Pull on your jacket.
2. pull off 成功
例句: His project looked impossible, but he pulled it off.
3. pull off 車停到路邊
例句: I pulled off the road and stopped to look around.
//=== write off
write off在會計裡的意思為－註銷、勾消、報廢....代表不能收回的資金等!
to accept that a debt will not be paid or that money has been lost:
提列虧損?
write off a debt, loss,
註銷, 取消, 勾消. write off a debt, loss, etc. 勾銷一項債款、損失等.
2. 輕而易舉地寫成; 迅速寫出; 一口氣寫成.
3. 發信(索取贈品或訂貨). 4. 把...看作不存在; 放棄. 5.
Many investors write Amazon off ? due to its sky-high price-to-earnings ratio.
The stock currently trades at 300 times trailing earnings and 150 times forward estimates.
//=== write sth off
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/zht/%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E/write-sth-off
to accept that an amount of money has been lost or that a debt will not be paid:
The World Bank is being urged to write off debts from developing countries.
to be able to use the cost of something you have bought to reduce the amount of tax you owe:
You might be able to write off the car as a business expense.
Here's a quick recap of how Amazon pulled off this market-smashing performance,
(拉出 一波 超乎市場預期的表現)
(使勁)摘掉, 脫掉.
They pulled off their stockings.
成功完成.
The plan was difficult and risky, but we pulled it off.
http://www.english.com.tw/forum/pull-off-t20310.html
1. pull off= take off 脫下
例句: He pulled off his wet jeans.
pull on 穿上
例句: It’s so cold now. Pull on your jacket.
2. pull off 成功
例句: His project looked impossible, but he pulled it off.
3. pull off 車停到路邊
例句: I pulled off the road and stopped to look around.
//=== write off
write off在會計裡的意思為－註銷、勾消、報廢....代表不能收回的資金等!
to accept that a debt will not be paid or that money has been lost:
提列虧損?
write off a debt, loss,
註銷, 取消, 勾消. write off a debt, loss, etc. 勾銷一項債款、損失等.
2. 輕而易舉地寫成; 迅速寫出; 一口氣寫成.
3. 發信(索取贈品或訂貨). 4. 把...看作不存在; 放棄. 5.
Many investors write Amazon off ? due to its sky-high price-to-earnings ratio.
The stock currently trades at 300 times trailing earnings and 150 times forward estimates.
//=== write sth off
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/zht/%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E/write-sth-off
to accept that an amount of money has been lost or that a debt will not be paid:
The World Bank is being urged to write off debts from developing countries.
to be able to use the cost of something you have bought to reduce the amount of tax you owe:
You might be able to write off the car as a business expense.
Sunday, November 26, 2017
聖經的英文- claim
John 14:30 , chapter 14, verse 30
... the ruler of the world is coming, he has no claim on me.
allegiance /al'i:dzh.ns/
accusatory /ak'yoo z.tori/
//=== http://www.dictionary.com/browse/allegiance
noun
1. the loyalty of a citizen to his or her government or of a subject to his or her sovereign.
2. loyalty or devotion to some person, group, cause, or the like.
//=== http://www.johnpiippo.com/2009/11/why-prinice-of-this-world-had-no-hold.html
...
The prince of this world” is kingdom-language. It’s two-kingdom theology.
Jesus was a two-kingdom theologian.
The kingdom-bifurcation goes like this:
- kingdom of God or
- kingdom of satan,
- kingdom of heaven or
- kingdom of earth;
- kingdom of light or
- kingdom of darkness.
To Jesus, persons give allegiance to one of these two kingdoms.
The Jesus-movement is a rescue mission to save (“sozo”) persons out of the kingdom of darkness
and deliver them into the kingdom of light.
The real King is Jesus himself, and his kingdom is “not of this world.”
It’s an upside-down kingdom that inverts the prevailing, oppressive social hierarchy.
The word “sin” is defined in terms of these two kingdoms.
“Sin” is essentially non-love for the real King, and thus rebellion against God.
Every act of sin is an act of allegiance to the prince of this world; aka satan, our adversary.
When Jesus says that the prince of this world has no hold on him,
the Greek words contain a double negative that literally reads,
“This world’s ruler does not have anything on me at all.”
This is legal language, prosecuting attorney accusatory-language.
Jesus tells his disciples that he is “not guilty.” Of what? Of lovelessness and rebellion; viz., of sin.
Satan’s non-claim on Jesus proves his love for the Father.
Jesus’ thorough, total love for the Father results in him, in every detail,
doing exactly as his Father commands.
In Jesus the Son there is not one slight whiff of rebellion, not one moment of un-love.
For this reason, and this reason alone, satan has no claim on Jesus.
Jesus does not deserve the cross. But he goes to the cross out of perfect obedience to the Father,
and out of his love for you and for me.
...
//=== http://biblehub.com/john/14-30.htm
John 14:30 , chapter 14, verse 30
New International Version
I will not say much more to you, for the prince of this world is coming. He has no hold over me,
New Living Translation
"I don't have much more time to talk to you, because the ruler of this world approaches. He has no power over me,
English Standard Version
I will no longer talk much with you, for the ruler of this world is coming. He has no claim on me,
Berean Study Bible
I will not speak with you much longer, for the prince of this world is coming, and he has no claim on Me.
Berean Literal Bible
No longer will I speak much with you; for the ruler of this world comes, and in Me he has nothing.
New American Standard Bible
"I will not speak much more with you, for the ruler of the world is coming, and he has nothing in Me;
King James Bible
Hereafter I will not talk much with you: for the prince of this world cometh, and hath nothing in me.
...
NET Bible
I will not speak with you much longer, for the ruler of this world is coming. He has no power over me,
New Heart English Bible
I will not speak with you much longer, for the ruler of this world is coming, and he has no hold on me.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
“After this I will not be speaking much with you, for The Prince of the world is coming and he has nothing to use against me.
...
... the ruler of the world is coming, he has no claim on me.
allegiance /al'i:dzh.ns/
accusatory /ak'yoo z.tori/
//=== http://www.dictionary.com/browse/allegiance
noun
1. the loyalty of a citizen to his or her government or of a subject to his or her sovereign.
2. loyalty or devotion to some person, group, cause, or the like.
//=== http://www.johnpiippo.com/2009/11/why-prinice-of-this-world-had-no-hold.html
...
The prince of this world” is kingdom-language. It’s two-kingdom theology.
Jesus was a two-kingdom theologian.
The kingdom-bifurcation goes like this:
- kingdom of God or
- kingdom of satan,
- kingdom of heaven or
- kingdom of earth;
- kingdom of light or
- kingdom of darkness.
To Jesus, persons give allegiance to one of these two kingdoms.
The Jesus-movement is a rescue mission to save (“sozo”) persons out of the kingdom of darkness
and deliver them into the kingdom of light.
The real King is Jesus himself, and his kingdom is “not of this world.”
It’s an upside-down kingdom that inverts the prevailing, oppressive social hierarchy.
The word “sin” is defined in terms of these two kingdoms.
“Sin” is essentially non-love for the real King, and thus rebellion against God.
Every act of sin is an act of allegiance to the prince of this world; aka satan, our adversary.
When Jesus says that the prince of this world has no hold on him,
the Greek words contain a double negative that literally reads,
“This world’s ruler does not have anything on me at all.”
This is legal language, prosecuting attorney accusatory-language.
Jesus tells his disciples that he is “not guilty.” Of what? Of lovelessness and rebellion; viz., of sin.
Satan’s non-claim on Jesus proves his love for the Father.
Jesus’ thorough, total love for the Father results in him, in every detail,
doing exactly as his Father commands.
In Jesus the Son there is not one slight whiff of rebellion, not one moment of un-love.
For this reason, and this reason alone, satan has no claim on Jesus.
Jesus does not deserve the cross. But he goes to the cross out of perfect obedience to the Father,
and out of his love for you and for me.
...
//=== http://biblehub.com/john/14-30.htm
John 14:30 , chapter 14, verse 30
New International Version
I will not say much more to you, for the prince of this world is coming. He has no hold over me,
New Living Translation
"I don't have much more time to talk to you, because the ruler of this world approaches. He has no power over me,
English Standard Version
I will no longer talk much with you, for the ruler of this world is coming. He has no claim on me,
Berean Study Bible
I will not speak with you much longer, for the prince of this world is coming, and he has no claim on Me.
Berean Literal Bible
No longer will I speak much with you; for the ruler of this world comes, and in Me he has nothing.
New American Standard Bible
"I will not speak much more with you, for the ruler of the world is coming, and he has nothing in Me;
King James Bible
Hereafter I will not talk much with you: for the prince of this world cometh, and hath nothing in me.
...
NET Bible
I will not speak with you much longer, for the ruler of this world is coming. He has no power over me,
New Heart English Bible
I will not speak with you much longer, for the ruler of this world is coming, and he has no hold on me.
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
“After this I will not be speaking much with you, for The Prince of the world is coming and he has nothing to use against me.
...
聖經的人名 - Judas Iscariot
Iscariot /is k'ae ri.t/
http://www.dictionary.com/browse/iscariot
[ih-skar-ee-uh t]
/ɪˈskærɪət/
noun
1. the surname of Judas, the betrayer of Jesus. Mark 3:19; 14:10, 11.
2. a person who betrays another; traitor
//=== http://www.dictionary.com/browse/judas
Judas, [joo-duh s] , /ˈdʒuːdəs/
noun
1. Also called Judas Iscariot. the disciple who betrayed Jesus. Mark 3:19.
2. a person treacherous enough to betray a friend; traitor.
3? Also called Saint Judas, Saint Jude. one of the 12 apostles (not Judas Iscariot). Luke 6:16; Acts 1:13; John 14:22.
4. a brother of James (and possibly of Jesus). Matt. 13:55; Mark 6:3.
5. (usually lowercase). Also called judas hole. a peephole, as in an entrance door or the door of a prison cell.
1.
(sometimes capital) a peephole or a very small window in a door Also called judas window, judas hole
//===
http://www.dictionary.com/browse/iscariot
[ih-skar-ee-uh t]
/ɪˈskærɪət/
noun
1. the surname of Judas, the betrayer of Jesus. Mark 3:19; 14:10, 11.
2. a person who betrays another; traitor
//=== http://www.dictionary.com/browse/judas
Judas, [joo-duh s] , /ˈdʒuːdəs/
noun
1. Also called Judas Iscariot. the disciple who betrayed Jesus. Mark 3:19.
2. a person treacherous enough to betray a friend; traitor.
3? Also called Saint Judas, Saint Jude. one of the 12 apostles (not Judas Iscariot). Luke 6:16; Acts 1:13; John 14:22.
4. a brother of James (and possibly of Jesus). Matt. 13:55; Mark 6:3.
5. (usually lowercase). Also called judas hole. a peephole, as in an entrance door or the door of a prison cell.
1.
(sometimes capital) a peephole or a very small window in a door Also called judas window, judas hole
//===
N, L 發音 與 齒顎
//＝＝＝ https://www.zhihu.com/question/20499563
如何区分普通话中「n」和「l」的发音？
人的语音识别能力在出生一个月之後就从区分全部音素的能力迅速衰减, 只识别母语音素了, 其他相似音素都会被大脑自动合并. 因此, 在你的母语里n/l是同一个音位, 母语里区分它们并不能区别语义, 你的大脑自动就忽略了他们的差别, 自然就听不出, 也就说不准。。。
。。。
用舌位区分。
n音和l音的本质区别在于一个进鼻子一个不进鼻子
。。。
说个小技巧。发音时把鼻子捏住（完全不让出气）然后发音，n是发不出来的，感觉像被堵住了，。。。
l可以发的轻松随意，它的气流通过口腔。
。。。
齒齦（牙齦） ：牙齒和肉交界的地方
齒顎 ＝＝ 顎 ＝＝ 硬顎 ＝＝ 硬腭？
？？？ 軟顎 ＝＝ 軟腭
上齒顎 ： 上牙齦往上硬部
？？ 下齒顎 ： 下牙齦往下硬部
n、l同属舌尖中阻，他们所不同的是发音方法的不同。
发n时，舌尖抵住上齿背，气流从鼻腔透出。
发l时，舌尖抵住上齿龈，气流从两边透出。
//＝＝＝
作者：fangfang纪
链接：https://www.zhihu.com/question/20499563/answer/148051152
。。。
发音时，气流受到阻碍的位置叫做发音部位，
根据声母发音部位的不同细分下来声母有七大类。（之前我们已经分享过“唇齿阻”、“舌根阻”、“舌尖后阻”）
首先，我们需要知道一点，声母的发音过程其实就是形成阻碍到消除阻碍的过程！
【n/l 发音的原理】在普通话专业教学中，声母 n/l
根据气流受到阻碍的位置将这两个音归为“舌尖中阻”。
舌尖中阻的发音就是由“舌尖”和“中”构成的
~关于“舌尖”的概念大家都知道，“中”的概念该怎么理解？
。。。
“舌尖后阻”zh、ch、sh的发音原理是舌体稍向后缩，舌尖向上翘起，接触或者接近硬腭前端构成阻碍之后发出一种辅音。
有了对“后”（硬腭前端）的理解，我们再来看一下“中”的位置，
“中”的位置是口腔中的上齿龈。
所以构成舌尖中阻 n/l 的发音位置是 舌尖和上齿龈
n的发音原理：发音时，声带颤动；
- 成阻时舌尖抵住上齿龈；气流不能从口腔中流出；
- 除阻时软腭下降，打开鼻腔通路，使带音的气流从鼻腔通过，发鼻音。
l的发音原理：发音时，声带颤动；
- 成阻时，舌尖抵住上齿龈；软腭上升，堵塞鼻腔通路。
- 除阻时，气流从舌头两边流出，发边音l
//＝＝＝ https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E9%A2%9A
软颚或者软腭（医学拉丁语术语：Velum palatinum或Palatum molle）是哺乳动物中硬腭延长形成的一个双褶皱形状的口腔部分。它斜挂在或者垂直挂在舌根上方，是由咽腭肌和其它肌肉的延伸组成的。它是分隔口腔与咽的组织的一部分，因此有分隔呼吸系统与消化系统的作用。
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E8%85%AD%E9%9F%B3
//＝＝＝ http://blog.xuite.net/tct20130417/twblog/128004656
。。。
口腔的屋頂：上顎分為硬顎和軟顎。硬顎區域的底部是由骨骼支撐，其上覆蓋一層相當厚度的軟組織，
表面的黏膜都是厚的角化上皮組織，顏色呈淺粉紅色。
至於靠近咽喉處的軟顎，則是非角化複層鱗狀上皮，厚度較薄，
由於上皮下方豐富的血管和腺體，使軟顎看來顏色呈深紅色。
。。。
口腔的地板：口底和舌頭中線間由一鐮刀狀皺摺相連，稱為舌繫帶，它會往前延伸至下顎齒槽突止。
在舌下舌繫帶左右兩側位置，有兩個隆突稱為舌下肉阜，它們是唾液腺中的顎下腺及舌下腺管通往口腔的開口。
超級靈活的舌頭本身是一個肌肉器官，分別由縱向、垂直和橫向肌肉束組成。
。。。
//＝＝＝
如何区分普通话中「n」和「l」的发音？
人的语音识别能力在出生一个月之後就从区分全部音素的能力迅速衰减, 只识别母语音素了, 其他相似音素都会被大脑自动合并. 因此, 在你的母语里n/l是同一个音位, 母语里区分它们并不能区别语义, 你的大脑自动就忽略了他们的差别, 自然就听不出, 也就说不准。。。
。。。
用舌位区分。
n音和l音的本质区别在于一个进鼻子一个不进鼻子
。。。
说个小技巧。发音时把鼻子捏住（完全不让出气）然后发音，n是发不出来的，感觉像被堵住了，。。。
l可以发的轻松随意，它的气流通过口腔。
。。。
齒齦（牙齦） ：牙齒和肉交界的地方
齒顎 ＝＝ 顎 ＝＝ 硬顎 ＝＝ 硬腭？
？？？ 軟顎 ＝＝ 軟腭
上齒顎 ： 上牙齦往上硬部
？？ 下齒顎 ： 下牙齦往下硬部
n、l同属舌尖中阻，他们所不同的是发音方法的不同。
发n时，舌尖抵住上齿背，气流从鼻腔透出。
发l时，舌尖抵住上齿龈，气流从两边透出。
//＝＝＝
作者：fangfang纪
链接：https://www.zhihu.com/question/20499563/answer/148051152
。。。
发音时，气流受到阻碍的位置叫做发音部位，
根据声母发音部位的不同细分下来声母有七大类。（之前我们已经分享过“唇齿阻”、“舌根阻”、“舌尖后阻”）
首先，我们需要知道一点，声母的发音过程其实就是形成阻碍到消除阻碍的过程！
【n/l 发音的原理】在普通话专业教学中，声母 n/l
根据气流受到阻碍的位置将这两个音归为“舌尖中阻”。
舌尖中阻的发音就是由“舌尖”和“中”构成的
~关于“舌尖”的概念大家都知道，“中”的概念该怎么理解？
。。。
“舌尖后阻”zh、ch、sh的发音原理是舌体稍向后缩，舌尖向上翘起，接触或者接近硬腭前端构成阻碍之后发出一种辅音。
有了对“后”（硬腭前端）的理解，我们再来看一下“中”的位置，
“中”的位置是口腔中的上齿龈。
所以构成舌尖中阻 n/l 的发音位置是 舌尖和上齿龈
n的发音原理：发音时，声带颤动；
- 成阻时舌尖抵住上齿龈；气流不能从口腔中流出；
- 除阻时软腭下降，打开鼻腔通路，使带音的气流从鼻腔通过，发鼻音。
l的发音原理：发音时，声带颤动；
- 成阻时，舌尖抵住上齿龈；软腭上升，堵塞鼻腔通路。
- 除阻时，气流从舌头两边流出，发边音l
//＝＝＝ https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E9%A2%9A
软颚或者软腭（医学拉丁语术语：Velum palatinum或Palatum molle）是哺乳动物中硬腭延长形成的一个双褶皱形状的口腔部分。它斜挂在或者垂直挂在舌根上方，是由咽腭肌和其它肌肉的延伸组成的。它是分隔口腔与咽的组织的一部分，因此有分隔呼吸系统与消化系统的作用。
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E8%85%AD%E9%9F%B3
//＝＝＝ http://blog.xuite.net/tct20130417/twblog/128004656
。。。
口腔的屋頂：上顎分為硬顎和軟顎。硬顎區域的底部是由骨骼支撐，其上覆蓋一層相當厚度的軟組織，
表面的黏膜都是厚的角化上皮組織，顏色呈淺粉紅色。
至於靠近咽喉處的軟顎，則是非角化複層鱗狀上皮，厚度較薄，
由於上皮下方豐富的血管和腺體，使軟顎看來顏色呈深紅色。
。。。
口腔的地板：口底和舌頭中線間由一鐮刀狀皺摺相連，稱為舌繫帶，它會往前延伸至下顎齒槽突止。
在舌下舌繫帶左右兩側位置，有兩個隆突稱為舌下肉阜，它們是唾液腺中的顎下腺及舌下腺管通往口腔的開口。
超級靈活的舌頭本身是一個肌肉器官，分別由縱向、垂直和橫向肌肉束組成。
。。。
//＝＝＝
Saturday, November 18, 2017
Line, nine 發音
//===
昨天別人問及 Line 能否上傳 mp3 ?
當我說道 line app ...
發現別人露出困惑的表情
原來 自己把 Line 念成 nine 了,
哇咧 ...
怎麼校正呢 ?
用中文來幫助區分
* Line --> 來/賴/ 恩
* Nine --> 乃/奈/ 恩
//=== 那要怎麼區分 Line / Lion 呢?
//=== Line 能否上傳 mp3 ?
[Q] can i use Line to upload mp3 ?
[Q] can i upload mp3 to Line ?
[Q] can i use Line to send mp3 to my friends/lineGroup ?
[Q] the new version of line or the line app of new version ?
[try]
The new version of line provides 'Line Keep'.
After installation of line app, within file explorer
users can right-click(long-tap) on the target file to share it
via 'Line Keep'. (upload the target file to 'Line Keep')
'Line Keep' is similar to 'Google Drive' in the sense of upload.
To send the target file stored in 'Line Keep',
just press '+' icon in the front of Line chat bar then choose 'Keep',
and vice versa? (choose 'Keep' then press '+' )
https://www.pkstep.com/archives/4959)
//=== vice versa
https://www.grammarly.com/blog/vice-versa/
...
I don’t like Bill, and vice versa.
...
"Effectively, U.S. armed forces can operate out of Indian bases, and vice versa, on a simple basis."
—Forbes
“There are times when I’m really happy and I write something really sad, and vice versa.”
—The Guardian
...
昨天別人問及 Line 能否上傳 mp3 ?
當我說道 line app ...
發現別人露出困惑的表情
原來 自己把 Line 念成 nine 了,
哇咧 ...
怎麼校正呢 ?
用中文來幫助區分
* Line --> 來/賴/ 恩
* Nine --> 乃/奈/ 恩
//=== 那要怎麼區分 Line / Lion 呢?
//=== Line 能否上傳 mp3 ?
[Q] can i use Line to upload mp3 ?
[Q] can i upload mp3 to Line ?
[Q] can i use Line to send mp3 to my friends/lineGroup ?
[Q] the new version of line or the line app of new version ?
[try]
The new version of line provides 'Line Keep'.
After installation of line app, within file explorer
users can right-click(long-tap) on the target file to share it
via 'Line Keep'. (upload the target file to 'Line Keep')
'Line Keep' is similar to 'Google Drive' in the sense of upload.
To send the target file stored in 'Line Keep',
just press '+' icon in the front of Line chat bar then choose 'Keep',
and vice versa? (choose 'Keep' then press '+' )
https://www.pkstep.com/archives/4959)
//=== vice versa
https://www.grammarly.com/blog/vice-versa/
...
I don’t like Bill, and vice versa.
...
"Effectively, U.S. armed forces can operate out of Indian bases, and vice versa, on a simple basis."
—Forbes
“There are times when I’m really happy and I write something really sad, and vice versa.”
—The Guardian
...
Thursday, November 9, 2017
The Forbidden City in Beijing
川普的twitter
https://twitter.com/realdonaldtrump
...
2017.11.08, 21:27
On behalf of @FLOTUS Melania and I,
THANK YOU for an unforgettable afternoon and evening at
the Forbidden City in Beijing, President Xi and Madame Peng Liyuan.
...
The Forbidden City in Beijing
直接翻譯 就 變成 在北京裡的"被禁止的城市",
啥?
Purple Forbidden City
--> 紫色的被禁止的城市
--> 紫禁城
喔!
所以 Forbidden City 就是指 紫禁城
--> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbidden_City
...
The Forbidden City was the Chinese imperial palace from the Ming dynasty to the end of the Qing dynasty—the years 1420 to 1912. It is in the center of Beijing, China, and now houses the Palace Museum. It served as the home of emperors and their households as well as the ceremonial and political center of Chinese government for almost 500 years.
...
--> https://www.zhihu.com/question/29372521
//===
本來認為紫禁城 的"城" 應該指 城堡,
紫禁城 直接翻 應該變成 Purple Forbidden Castle
但網路搜尋 Forbidden Castle ...
網搜 Purple Forbidden Castle
--> Forbidden City, Beijing Palace Museum, Chinese Imperial Palace
//=== 北京 故宮
Beijing Forbidden Palace
//===
Wednesday, November 1, 2017
Festival of Lights, Feast of Dedication
//=== https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanukkah
Hanukkah, a Jewish holiday also called The Festival of Lights
-->
a Jewish holiday commemorating the rededication of the Holy Temple (the Second Temple) in Jerusalem at the time of the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire.
Hanukkah is observed for eight nights and days,
starting on the 25th day of Kislev according to the Hebrew calendar,
which may occur at any time from late November to late December in the Gregorian calendar.
* It is also known as the Festival of Lights and the Feast of Dedication.
* the rededication of the Holy Temple
* 再獻聖殿節
* 修殿節
* 猶太的光明節 Hanukkah
//=== http://storyblog.pixnet.net/blog/post/248626603
...
猶太人不過聖誕節，所以如果你不確定對方是不是猶太人，不能說 Merry Christmas，一般會說 Happy Holidays，比較保險。
...
光明節可以是 Hanukkah 也可以是 Chanukkah。
??? 光明節其實是不太重要的猶太節日。
...
Menorah(Hanukkiyah)蠟燭，光明節陀螺和吃油炸食品。
* Menorah （hanukkiyah）蠟燭，每晚點，連點八個晚上。
* Dreidel 光明節陀螺是一個很流行的光明節遊戲，陀螺四面都有希伯來文字母，
蓋著錫箔的巧克力金幣 Gelt 是遊戲的一部分。
* 吃油炸食品是光明節另一個傳統，
Latkes 是馬鈴薯和洋蔥做的油炸食物。
Sufganiyot 是果凍填充的甜甜圈，也是油炸的，有時食用前撒上糖粉。
...
//=== dedication noun (OF BUILDING)
[ C ] a ceremony in which a building, especially a religious building,
is opened for use and its purpose is stated
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english-chinese-traditional/dedication
...
dedication noun (OF BOOK, ETC.)
[ C ] a statement that says in whose honour something has been written, made, performed, etc.
獻詞；致謝辭
The dedication at the front of the book read "For my Father".
書前面的致謝辭中寫道：「獻給我的父親。」
dedication noun (OF BUILDING)
[ C ] a ceremony in which a building, especially a religious building,
is opened for use and its purpose is stated
（尤指宗教建築的）落成典禮，啟用儀式
C1 [ U ] the willingness to give a lot of time and energy to something because it is important
奉獻，貢獻；獻身
He has always shown great dedication to the cause.
他對這項事業一直都表現出強烈的奉獻精神。
She thanked the staff for their dedication and enthusiasm.
她感謝全體員工的奉獻精神和工作熱情。
...
//=== https://tw.ichacha.net/festival%20of%20lights.html
佛教的光明節, 光之節
...
End of buddhist lent . and also the festival of lights
這是佛教大期結束之日，也是點燈節。
...
//===
Hanukkah, a Jewish holiday also called The Festival of Lights
-->
a Jewish holiday commemorating the rededication of the Holy Temple (the Second Temple) in Jerusalem at the time of the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire.
Hanukkah is observed for eight nights and days,
starting on the 25th day of Kislev according to the Hebrew calendar,
which may occur at any time from late November to late December in the Gregorian calendar.
* It is also known as the Festival of Lights and the Feast of Dedication.
* the rededication of the Holy Temple
* 再獻聖殿節
* 修殿節
* 猶太的光明節 Hanukkah
//=== http://storyblog.pixnet.net/blog/post/248626603
...
猶太人不過聖誕節，所以如果你不確定對方是不是猶太人，不能說 Merry Christmas，一般會說 Happy Holidays，比較保險。
...
光明節可以是 Hanukkah 也可以是 Chanukkah。
??? 光明節其實是不太重要的猶太節日。
...
Menorah(Hanukkiyah)蠟燭，光明節陀螺和吃油炸食品。
* Menorah （hanukkiyah）蠟燭，每晚點，連點八個晚上。
* Dreidel 光明節陀螺是一個很流行的光明節遊戲，陀螺四面都有希伯來文字母，
蓋著錫箔的巧克力金幣 Gelt 是遊戲的一部分。
* 吃油炸食品是光明節另一個傳統，
Latkes 是馬鈴薯和洋蔥做的油炸食物。
Sufganiyot 是果凍填充的甜甜圈，也是油炸的，有時食用前撒上糖粉。
...
//=== dedication noun (OF BUILDING)
[ C ] a ceremony in which a building, especially a religious building,
is opened for use and its purpose is stated
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english-chinese-traditional/dedication
...
dedication noun (OF BOOK, ETC.)
[ C ] a statement that says in whose honour something has been written, made, performed, etc.
獻詞；致謝辭
The dedication at the front of the book read "For my Father".
書前面的致謝辭中寫道：「獻給我的父親。」
dedication noun (OF BUILDING)
[ C ] a ceremony in which a building, especially a religious building,
is opened for use and its purpose is stated
（尤指宗教建築的）落成典禮，啟用儀式
C1 [ U ] the willingness to give a lot of time and energy to something because it is important
奉獻，貢獻；獻身
He has always shown great dedication to the cause.
他對這項事業一直都表現出強烈的奉獻精神。
She thanked the staff for their dedication and enthusiasm.
她感謝全體員工的奉獻精神和工作熱情。
...
//=== https://tw.ichacha.net/festival%20of%20lights.html
佛教的光明節, 光之節
...
End of buddhist lent . and also the festival of lights
這是佛教大期結束之日，也是點燈節。
...
//===
Wednesday, October 25, 2017
燈泡不亮了的英文
//=== 燈泡不亮了的英文
https://zhidao.baidu.com/question/136779701.html
The light bulb has burned out.
The light bulb has burned out after being on for a long time.
The light bulb's out of work after being on for a long time.
The LED bulb is gone after working one year and half.
out of work
out of order
out of service
outage
//=== out of work
http://tw.dictionary.search.yahoo.com/search?p=out%20of%20work&fr2=dict
失業; 出故障.
He has been out of work for months. 他已幾個月沒有工作了。
This machine is out of work. 這台機器出了故障。
//=== outage
power outage
light outage
street light outage
http://www.centerpointenergy.com/en-us/residential/customer-service/electric-outage-center/report-streetlight-outages
CenterPoint Energy maintains street lights throughout our electric service area in and around Houston. Please use the form below to report a street light outage ...
https://tw.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100416000010KK01827
All LED indicators light on but POWER indicator does not light on.
All LED indicator lights are on but POWER indicator light is off.
https://zhidao.baidu.com/question/136779701.html
The light bulb has burned out.
The light bulb has burned out after being on for a long time.
The light bulb's out of work after being on for a long time.
The LED bulb is gone after working one year and half.
out of work
out of order
out of service
outage
//=== out of work
http://tw.dictionary.search.yahoo.com/search?p=out%20of%20work&fr2=dict
失業; 出故障.
He has been out of work for months. 他已幾個月沒有工作了。
This machine is out of work. 這台機器出了故障。
//=== outage
power outage
light outage
street light outage
http://www.centerpointenergy.com/en-us/residential/customer-service/electric-outage-center/report-streetlight-outages
CenterPoint Energy maintains street lights throughout our electric service area in and around Houston. Please use the form below to report a street light outage ...
https://tw.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100416000010KK01827
All LED indicators light on but POWER indicator does not light on.
All LED indicator lights are on but POWER indicator light is off.
Sunday, October 15, 2017
毛毛雨的英文
//===
毛毛雨的英文, drizzle (雨絲？） or sprinkle（滴了幾滴？）
http://www.ichacha.net/%E9%9B%A8%E4%B8%9D.html
無聲的雨丝 silent drizzle
drizzle /ˈdrɪz·əl/
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/drizzle
* noun
[ U ] a slight rain:
We had fog and drizzle earlier, but now it’s sunny.
[ S ] a small amount of liquid that is lightly poured over something:
Serve the pasta with a drizzle of olive oil.
* verb
[ I ] to rain in small light drops:
It's been drizzling all day.
[ T ] to pour liquid slowly over something, especially in a thin line or in small dr
Drizzle the syrup over the warm cake.
//＝＝＝ https://tw.blog.voicetube.com/archives/53243
陣雨， shower
雷陣雨， thunder shower
大雨， heavy rain
豪雨, extremely heavy rain
豪雨是「指24小時累積雨量達200毫米以上，或3小時累積雨量達100毫米以上之降雨現象。」
大豪雨, torrential rain ：24小時累積雨量達350毫米以上。
超大豪雨 extremely torrential rain ：24小時累積雨量達500毫米以上。
take a rain check 改天, 另約， 延期
to take a rain check on sth.
http://www.businessweekly.com.tw/article.aspx?id=12276&type=Blog&p=2
to save sth for a rainy day
把事物留到下雨天時再用，就是「未雨綢繆」的意思通常這個片語會用在金錢上，是個非常常見的片語喔！
as right as rain
跟雨一樣正確？
--> 一切正常、身體健康
I feel as right as rain after taking the medicine. （吃完藥後我覺得好多了。）
//===
rain check 原是指「（體育比賽因雨改期再賽時）可延期使用的票」，後來引伸到生活當中，用來表示延期、改天的意思。
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rain_check_(baseball)
In baseball, a rain check is a ticket issued to spectators which admits them to the ballpark at a later date at no additional cost to the ticket holder. It is issued if a game is cancelled due to rain or other inclement weather, or if a game has been started but suspended due to inclement weather prior to the point of becoming an official game ...
*** inclement weather
inclement /in kl'em.nt/, adj, unpleasant (weather), cold windy and rainy
//===
似乎沒有人用 rain ticket？
https://www.tripadvisor.com/ShowTopic-g190356-i790-k6960378-Rain_ticket_from_Luxembourg_to_Antwerp-Luxembourg_City.html
...
Is it possible to purchase a rail ticket in advance and receive a discount going from Lux. to Antwerp? If so do I purchase this ticket from the Lux National Rail Company?
Thank you for any help.
...
//===
炸雞排 ＋ 一點點胡椒粉 的英文
毛毛雨的英文, drizzle (雨絲？） or sprinkle（滴了幾滴？）
http://www.ichacha.net/%E9%9B%A8%E4%B8%9D.html
無聲的雨丝 silent drizzle
drizzle /ˈdrɪz·əl/
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/drizzle
* noun
[ U ] a slight rain:
We had fog and drizzle earlier, but now it’s sunny.
[ S ] a small amount of liquid that is lightly poured over something:
Serve the pasta with a drizzle of olive oil.
* verb
[ I ] to rain in small light drops:
It's been drizzling all day.
[ T ] to pour liquid slowly over something, especially in a thin line or in small dr
Drizzle the syrup over the warm cake.
//＝＝＝ https://tw.blog.voicetube.com/archives/53243
陣雨， shower
雷陣雨， thunder shower
大雨， heavy rain
豪雨, extremely heavy rain
豪雨是「指24小時累積雨量達200毫米以上，或3小時累積雨量達100毫米以上之降雨現象。」
大豪雨, torrential rain ：24小時累積雨量達350毫米以上。
超大豪雨 extremely torrential rain ：24小時累積雨量達500毫米以上。
take a rain check 改天, 另約， 延期
to take a rain check on sth.
http://www.businessweekly.com.tw/article.aspx?id=12276&type=Blog&p=2
to save sth for a rainy day
把事物留到下雨天時再用，就是「未雨綢繆」的意思通常這個片語會用在金錢上，是個非常常見的片語喔！
as right as rain
跟雨一樣正確？
--> 一切正常、身體健康
I feel as right as rain after taking the medicine. （吃完藥後我覺得好多了。）
//===
rain check 原是指「（體育比賽因雨改期再賽時）可延期使用的票」，後來引伸到生活當中，用來表示延期、改天的意思。
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rain_check_(baseball)
In baseball, a rain check is a ticket issued to spectators which admits them to the ballpark at a later date at no additional cost to the ticket holder. It is issued if a game is cancelled due to rain or other inclement weather, or if a game has been started but suspended due to inclement weather prior to the point of becoming an official game ...
*** inclement weather
inclement /in kl'em.nt/, adj, unpleasant (weather), cold windy and rainy
//===
似乎沒有人用 rain ticket？
https://www.tripadvisor.com/ShowTopic-g190356-i790-k6960378-Rain_ticket_from_Luxembourg_to_Antwerp-Luxembourg_City.html
...
Is it possible to purchase a rail ticket in advance and receive a discount going from Lux. to Antwerp? If so do I purchase this ticket from the Lux National Rail Company?
Thank you for any help.
...
//===
炸雞排 ＋ 一點點胡椒粉 的英文
Saturday, October 7, 2017
感冒好了 的英文
//=== by google search
My cold is gone
to get over my cold
to get rid of my cold
to recover from my cold
to recover faster from the flu
to cure a cold in one day
Why can't we cure the common cold?
Have you got over your cold yet ? 你的感冒好了没有?
Have you gotten over your cold?
Have you recovered from the cold ?
a cold , the cold, my cold
//=== be cured of
https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/cured-from-of.1909935/
xxx He was cured from cancer.
vvv He was cured of cancer.
...
He suffered from cancer.
He was treated for cancer.
He was cured of cancer.
He recovered from cancer.
...
Another example:
I had a bad habit of biting my nails.
I sought treatment for my habit.
I was cured of the bad habit.
//=== sore === painful === aching
n. ache /e:k/, --> a. aching /e:king/
//=== flu, a flu, the flu, cold, a cold, the cold ?
--> a cold and the flu
https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/articles-and-illnesses-cold-a-cold-or-the-cold-flu-a-flu-or-the-flu-measles-mumps.280838/
...
"I've got the flu" / "I've had the flu" and "I've got a cold" / "I've had a cold".
...
The flu and a cold aren't the same thing.
The flu is a virus, if you get the influenza virus you got the flu.
You can get a cold because you caught cold weather or because of temperature differences.
The flu is much worse than a cold, if you get the flu you usually get a temperature, your back, your head and everything else hurts, sometimes you throw up, you can't eat and so on. A cold is simply sneezing and coughing.
...
A cold is also a virus infection - one of many viruses.
https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/ive-got-flu.1686656/
...
I say, I've got the flu (whichever one is going around at the moment that all my friends and colleagues have and are aware of -- so no need to name it).
I never say I've got a flu (which would strike me as saying I have one of several strains of available flu but I don't know which one).
I never say I've got flu. (It's always specific for me, so I always use an article.)
I would say I've got swine flu (when I know specifically what I have and want to let other people know that they should back up even more than usual).
...
//===
swine flu === pig flu
bird flu === avian flu
//=== 一般感冒（common cold）與流感（flu）
https://www.hopenglish.com/commoncoldenglish?ref=category
一般感冒(cold)常見的症狀有：
◎ cough
◎ sore throat
◎ stuffy nose 鼻塞
◎ runny nose
◎ sneezing
若是流行性感冒(flu)，還可能以下症狀，
◎ nauseous 噁心
◎ fever
◎ chills and sweats 冒冷汗
◎ severe body aches
//=== 我感冒了
I had a cold.
I caught a cold.
I have got a cold and still cough now.
I have caught a cold.
仍未痊愈 have not yet recovered
He was recovering from a severe bout of flu. 他患了严重的流感
http://kylesue.pixnet.net/blog/post/14434601
""" ...
2. I've got a runny nose. / My nose is running.
...
3. I've got a sore throat.
...
4. I've been coughing day and night.
...
5. I can't stop sneezing.
...
6. ... I'm running a high fever.
...
7. I've got a very bad headache. / This headache is killing me.
...
8. I feel sore and ache all over.
...
10. I feel dizzy. / My head is swimming.
...
"""
//=== 祈語/祝語
Take care of yourself.
Get well soon.
My cold is gone
to get over my cold
to get rid of my cold
to recover from my cold
to recover faster from the flu
to cure a cold in one day
Why can't we cure the common cold?
Have you got over your cold yet ? 你的感冒好了没有?
Have you gotten over your cold?
Have you recovered from the cold ?
a cold , the cold, my cold
//=== be cured of
https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/cured-from-of.1909935/
xxx He was cured from cancer.
vvv He was cured of cancer.
...
He suffered from cancer.
He was treated for cancer.
He was cured of cancer.
He recovered from cancer.
...
Another example:
I had a bad habit of biting my nails.
I sought treatment for my habit.
I was cured of the bad habit.
//=== sore === painful === aching
n. ache /e:k/, --> a. aching /e:king/
//=== flu, a flu, the flu, cold, a cold, the cold ?
--> a cold and the flu
https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/articles-and-illnesses-cold-a-cold-or-the-cold-flu-a-flu-or-the-flu-measles-mumps.280838/
...
"I've got the flu" / "I've had the flu" and "I've got a cold" / "I've had a cold".
...
The flu and a cold aren't the same thing.
The flu is a virus, if you get the influenza virus you got the flu.
You can get a cold because you caught cold weather or because of temperature differences.
The flu is much worse than a cold, if you get the flu you usually get a temperature, your back, your head and everything else hurts, sometimes you throw up, you can't eat and so on. A cold is simply sneezing and coughing.
...
A cold is also a virus infection - one of many viruses.
https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/ive-got-flu.1686656/
...
I say, I've got the flu (whichever one is going around at the moment that all my friends and colleagues have and are aware of -- so no need to name it).
I never say I've got a flu (which would strike me as saying I have one of several strains of available flu but I don't know which one).
I never say I've got flu. (It's always specific for me, so I always use an article.)
I would say I've got swine flu (when I know specifically what I have and want to let other people know that they should back up even more than usual).
...
//===
swine flu === pig flu
bird flu === avian flu
//=== 一般感冒（common cold）與流感（flu）
https://www.hopenglish.com/commoncoldenglish?ref=category
一般感冒(cold)常見的症狀有：
◎ cough
◎ sore throat
◎ stuffy nose 鼻塞
◎ runny nose
◎ sneezing
若是流行性感冒(flu)，還可能以下症狀，
◎ nauseous 噁心
◎ fever
◎ chills and sweats 冒冷汗
◎ severe body aches
//=== 我感冒了
I had a cold.
I caught a cold.
I have got a cold and still cough now.
I have caught a cold.
仍未痊愈 have not yet recovered
He was recovering from a severe bout of flu. 他患了严重的流感
http://kylesue.pixnet.net/blog/post/14434601
""" ...
2. I've got a runny nose. / My nose is running.
...
3. I've got a sore throat.
...
4. I've been coughing day and night.
...
5. I can't stop sneezing.
...
6. ... I'm running a high fever.
...
7. I've got a very bad headache. / This headache is killing me.
...
8. I feel sore and ache all over.
...
10. I feel dizzy. / My head is swimming.
...
"""
//=== 祈語/祝語
Take care of yourself.
Get well soon.
Tuesday, September 19, 2017
Pantheon, 名人堂的英文
//=== http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/pantheon?q=Pantheon
pantheon, /ˈpæn.θi.ən/
a small group of people who are the most famous, important, and admired in their particular area of activity:
Don't you agree that Malcolm X definitely has a place in the pantheon of black civil rights heroes?
//=== https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementary_OS
elementary OS is a Linux distribution based on Ubuntu. It is the flagship distribution to showcase the Pantheon desktop environment
The Pantheon desktop environment is built on top of the GNOME software base, i.e. GTK+, GDK, Cairo, GLib (including GObject andGIO), GVfs and Tracker.
KDE, PDE, XFCE
//===
名人堂的英文， Hall of Fame ?
- basketball hall of fame
- national baseball hall of fame and museum
- Duncan takes the greatest big vanguard, after retiring, he will enter Springfield's Hall of Fame surely
pantheon, /ˈpæn.θi.ən/
a small group of people who are the most famous, important, and admired in their particular area of activity:
Don't you agree that Malcolm X definitely has a place in the pantheon of black civil rights heroes?
//=== https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementary_OS
elementary OS is a Linux distribution based on Ubuntu. It is the flagship distribution to showcase the Pantheon desktop environment
The Pantheon desktop environment is built on top of the GNOME software base, i.e. GTK+, GDK, Cairo, GLib (including GObject andGIO), GVfs and Tracker.
KDE, PDE, XFCE
//===
名人堂的英文， Hall of Fame ?
- basketball hall of fame
- national baseball hall of fame and museum
- Duncan takes the greatest big vanguard, after retiring, he will enter Springfield's Hall of Fame surely
tally vs tall
tally /t'aeli/
tall /t>l/
//=== http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/tally
tally /ˈtæl·i/
n, count
a record or count of a number of items:
The final tally was 21 for and 16 against.
v,
to match or agree:
[ T ] I need to finish tallying the receipts.
[ I ] His statement doesn’t tally with the other witnesses’.
v.
to count or calculate something:
[ T ] The judges are tallying the scores.
[ T ] Zolga tallied (= scored) 16 points.
[ M ] She tallies up our expenses each month. 每個月算一次帳
- The votes for the winners of the best articles of last month have been tallied and
the winners are ...
to tally with
http://www.linguee.com/english-chinese/translation/tallied+with.html
- The transaction amount of the 25 units sold tallied with the prices as shown on the price lists made public by the developer earlier on.
- Evidently, the conclusion of the Panel tallied with the views of most people.
- He did not tell us why these three points do not tally with the statistics that he mentioned.
//=== tall,
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/tall
a, of more than average height:
- She’s tall and slim.
- The Sears Tower is taller than the Empire State Building.
a, of a particular height:
- Four of her friends are six feet or taller.
to stand tall
to walk tall
to speak tall
tall /t>l/
//=== http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/tally
tally /ˈtæl·i/
n, count
a record or count of a number of items:
The final tally was 21 for and 16 against.
v,
to match or agree:
[ T ] I need to finish tallying the receipts.
[ I ] His statement doesn’t tally with the other witnesses’.
v.
to count or calculate something:
[ T ] The judges are tallying the scores.
[ T ] Zolga tallied (= scored) 16 points.
[ M ] She tallies up our expenses each month. 每個月算一次帳
- The votes for the winners of the best articles of last month have been tallied and
the winners are ...
to tally with
http://www.linguee.com/english-chinese/translation/tallied+with.html
- The transaction amount of the 25 units sold tallied with the prices as shown on the price lists made public by the developer earlier on.
- Evidently, the conclusion of the Panel tallied with the views of most people.
- He did not tell us why these three points do not tally with the statistics that he mentioned.
//=== tall,
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/tall
a, of more than average height:
- She’s tall and slim.
- The Sears Tower is taller than the Empire State Building.
a, of a particular height:
- Four of her friends are six feet or taller.
to stand tall
to walk tall
to speak tall
電影的英文 -- 狗狗的三生三世
《為了與你相遇》
只為了遇見你 ?
A dog's purpose
每支狗的存在都有意義
電影改編自2010年美國出版小說《為了與你相遇》，
... shares the soulful and surprising story of one devoted dog ...
//=== https://www.ptt.cc/man/movie/D4E6/D95F/DAD6/M.1487999559.A.D86.html
1960s，競爭的年代, 狗狗Bailey,
1980s，打拼的年代,狗狗 Ellie，
1990s，希望的年代, 狗狗 Tino ,
2010s，崩潰的年代, 狗狗 Buddy，
//=== https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_United_States_history_(1970%E2%80%9389)
1970s in the United States: 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979.
七零年代
70年代
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E5%8D%81%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3
70年代（70年至79年）
1970年代（1970年至1979年）
《七十年代》，香港電台一時事節目，現稱《千禧年代》
民國七十年代，即民國70年至79年（1981年至1990年，約相當於1980年代）
//=== script
https://www.springfieldspringfield.co.uk/movie_script.php?movie=a-dogs-purpose
*** The point is to find the point.
...
Was having fun the point?
The whole point?
No, it couldn't be
...
It's a red retriever
...
All right, everything goes back where it belongs.
I want this place 'spick-and-span' .
Do you understand?
...
//===
只為了遇見你 ?
A dog's purpose
每支狗的存在都有意義
電影改編自2010年美國出版小說《為了與你相遇》，
... shares the soulful and surprising story of one devoted dog ...
//=== https://www.ptt.cc/man/movie/D4E6/D95F/DAD6/M.1487999559.A.D86.html
1960s，競爭的年代, 狗狗Bailey,
1980s，打拼的年代,狗狗 Ellie，
1990s，希望的年代, 狗狗 Tino ,
2010s，崩潰的年代, 狗狗 Buddy，
//=== https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_United_States_history_(1970%E2%80%9389)
1970s in the United States: 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979.
七零年代
70年代
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E5%8D%81%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3
70年代（70年至79年）
1970年代（1970年至1979年）
《七十年代》，香港電台一時事節目，現稱《千禧年代》
民國七十年代，即民國70年至79年（1981年至1990年，約相當於1980年代）
//=== script
https://www.springfieldspringfield.co.uk/movie_script.php?movie=a-dogs-purpose
*** The point is to find the point.
...
Was having fun the point?
The whole point?
No, it couldn't be
...
It's a red retriever
...
All right, everything goes back where it belongs.
I want this place 'spick-and-span' .
Do you understand?
...
//===
Friday, September 15, 2017
Beaver vs Otter
beaver /b'i:v.r/: 河貍
otter /'at.r/: 水獺
sea otter: 海獺
水獺的照片看起來比較像松鼠(squirrel)
而 河狸的照片比較像地鼠(gopher)
//===
rodent
齧齒目 / 科?
gnaw /n>/
gnawing
啃 / 嚙
//===
Beaver fish !== Weever fish
Since beaver, the semi-aquatic rodent, is a skilled swimmer, the Catholic Church once declared it was a fish.
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B2%B6%E9%B1%BC%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94
Catfish effect == Weever fish effect == 鯰魚效應
//=== Beaver
Order: Rodentia
Genus: Castor
//=== Otter
Order: Carnivora
Subfamily: Lutrinae
Type genus : Lutra
Genera :
-- Amblonyx
-- Aonyx
-- Enhydra
-- Hydrictis
otter /'at.r/: 水獺
sea otter: 海獺
水獺的照片看起來比較像松鼠(squirrel)
而 河狸的照片比較像地鼠(gopher)
//===
rodent
齧齒目 / 科?
gnaw /n>/
gnawing
啃 / 嚙
//===
Beaver fish !== Weever fish
Since beaver, the semi-aquatic rodent, is a skilled swimmer, the Catholic Church once declared it was a fish.
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B2%B6%E9%B1%BC%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94
Catfish effect == Weever fish effect == 鯰魚效應
//=== Beaver
Order: Rodentia
Genus: Castor
//=== Otter
Order: Carnivora
Subfamily: Lutrinae
Type genus : Lutra
Genera :
-- Amblonyx
-- Aonyx
-- Enhydra
-- Hydrictis
界門綱目科屬種 的英文
//=== http://sovereignty.pixnet.net/blog/post/26885789
界 kingdom
門 phylum
綱 class
目 order
科 family
屬 genus
種 species
//=== scientific classification, taxonomy, biotaxonomy
生物分類學（biotaxonomy）簡稱分類学（taxonomy)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaver
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Rodentia
Family: Castoridae
Subfamily:Castorinae (亞科)
Genus: Castor
Species:
C. fiber – Eurasian beaver
C. canadensis – North American
//=== https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otter
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Suborder:Caniformia(亞目)
Family: Mustelidae
Subfamily:Lutrinae (亞科)
??? Type genus : Lutra
Genera :
Amblonyx
Aonyx
Enhydra
Hydrictis
Lontra
Lutra
Lutrogale
Pteronura
...
//===genus vs "type genus"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_genus
the type genus is the genus which defines a biological family and the root of the family name.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anas
Anas is a genus of dabbling ducks. It includes the mallard, teals, pintails. It formerly included additional species but following the publication of a molecular phylogenetic study in 2009 the genus was spit into four separate genera. The genus now contains 31 living species. The name Anas is the Latin for "duck".
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genus
A genus (/ˈdʒiːnəs/, pl. genera)
is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms in biology. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family.
//===
界 kingdom
門 phylum
綱 class
目 order
科 family
屬 genus
種 species
//=== scientific classification, taxonomy, biotaxonomy
生物分類學（biotaxonomy）簡稱分類学（taxonomy)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaver
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Rodentia
Family: Castoridae
Subfamily:Castorinae (亞科)
Genus: Castor
Species:
C. fiber – Eurasian beaver
C. canadensis – North American
//=== https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otter
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Suborder:Caniformia(亞目)
Family: Mustelidae
Subfamily:Lutrinae (亞科)
??? Type genus : Lutra
Genera :
Amblonyx
Aonyx
Enhydra
Hydrictis
Lontra
Lutra
Lutrogale
Pteronura
...
//===genus vs "type genus"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_genus
the type genus is the genus which defines a biological family and the root of the family name.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anas
Anas is a genus of dabbling ducks. It includes the mallard, teals, pintails. It formerly included additional species but following the publication of a molecular phylogenetic study in 2009 the genus was spit into four separate genera. The genus now contains 31 living species. The name Anas is the Latin for "duck".
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genus
A genus (/ˈdʒiːnəs/, pl. genera)
is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms in biology. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family.
//===
Thursday, September 14, 2017
聖經的英文 - 節日
The Feast of Unleavened Bread
The Feast of Passover
The Feast of Booths(Tabernacles)
//=== The Feast of Unleavened Bread vs The Feast of Passover
http://www1.cbn.com/biblestudy/the-feast-of-unleavened-bread...-wait-isn%27t-it-passover%3F
The Feast of Unleavened Bread is a feast that is generally mistaken for Passover.
Passover however is only one 24 hour period while
Feast of Unleavened Bread lasts for seven days.
On the evening after Passover God told the Hebrew people exiting Egypt not to allow their bread to rise, but to grab everything and leave.
//=== Sukkot, Succot
https://www.jewishvoice.org/read/blog/sukkot-the-feast-of-booths-known-to-some-as-the-feast-of-tabernacles
The Feast of Booths (known to some as the Feast of Tabernacles) is
the seventh and last festival on the biblical calendar, as recorded in Leviticus 23.
Also known as Sukkot in Hebrew, God wanted the Israelites to observe this festival by living in temporary shelters for seven days as a reminder that when their ancestors were in the wilderness, God provided them booths to dwell in.
//===
The Feast of Passover
The Feast of Booths(Tabernacles)
//=== The Feast of Unleavened Bread vs The Feast of Passover
http://www1.cbn.com/biblestudy/the-feast-of-unleavened-bread...-wait-isn%27t-it-passover%3F
The Feast of Unleavened Bread is a feast that is generally mistaken for Passover.
Passover however is only one 24 hour period while
Feast of Unleavened Bread lasts for seven days.
On the evening after Passover God told the Hebrew people exiting Egypt not to allow their bread to rise, but to grab everything and leave.
//=== Sukkot, Succot
https://www.jewishvoice.org/read/blog/sukkot-the-feast-of-booths-known-to-some-as-the-feast-of-tabernacles
The Feast of Booths (known to some as the Feast of Tabernacles) is
the seventh and last festival on the biblical calendar, as recorded in Leviticus 23.
Also known as Sukkot in Hebrew, God wanted the Israelites to observe this festival by living in temporary shelters for seven days as a reminder that when their ancestors were in the wilderness, God provided them booths to dwell in.
//===
Tuesday, September 5, 2017
聖經的英文 - 食物
Manna /ma'en./
bread without yeast,
unleavened bread
barley loaf
fish
blood of life
bread of life
//=== https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manna
Manna (Hebrew: מָן) or al-Mann (Arabic: المَنّ , Kurdish: gezo, Persian: گزانگبین),
sometimes or archaically spelled mana,
is an edible substance which, according to the Bible and the Quran,
God provided for the Israelites during their travels in the desert
during the forty-year period following the Exodus and prior to the conquest of Canaan.
...
In the Hebrew Bible, manna is described twice: once in Exodus 16:1-36 with the full narrative surrounding it, and once again in Numbers 11:1-9 as a part of a separate narrative.
...
in the Book of Exodus, manna is described as being "a fine, flake-like thing" like the frost on the ground.
...
It is described in the Book of Numbers as arriving with the dew during the night.
...
Exodus adds that manna was comparable to hoarfrost in size,
similarly had to be collected before it was melted by the heat of the sun,
and was like a coriander seed that is white.
...
Numbers describes it as having the appearance of bdellium,
adding that the Israelites ground it and pounded it into cakes, which were then baked, resulting in something that tasted like cakes baked with oil.
...
Exodus states that raw manna tasted like wafers that had been made with honey.
...
Exodus 16:23-24 states:
This is what the Lord commanded: "Tomorrow is to be a day of rest, a holy Sabbath to the Lord. So bake what you want to bake and boil what you want to boil. Save whatever is left and keep it until morning." So they saved it until morning, as Moses commanded, and it did not stink or get maggots in it.
...
At the turn of the twentieth century, Arabs of the Sinai Peninsula were selling resin from the tamarisk tree as man es-simma, roughly meaning "heavenly manna".
...
Tamarisk trees (particularly Tamarix gallica) were once comparatively extensive
throughout the southern Sinai, and their resin is similar to wax,
melts in the sun, is sweet and aromatic (like honey), and has a dirty-yellow color,
fitting somewhat with the Biblical descriptions of manna.
However, this resin is mostly composed of sugar, so it would be unlikely to provide
sufficient nutrition for a population to survive over long periods of time,
...
Man is possibly cognate with the Arabic term man, meaning plant lice,
with man hu thus meaning "this is plant lice",
which fits one widespread modern identification of manna,
the crystallized honeydew of certain scale insects.
In the environment of a desert, such honeydew rapidly dries due to
evaporation of its water content, becoming a sticky solid, and
later turning whitish, yellowish, or brownish;
honeydew of this form is considered a delicacy in the Middle East, and
is a good source of carbohydrates.
In particular, there is a scale insect that feeds on tamarisk,
the Tamarisk manna scale (Trabutina mannipara), which is often considered to be
the prime candidate for biblical manna.
...
//===
bread without yeast,
unleavened bread
barley loaf
fish
blood of life
bread of life
//=== https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manna
Manna (Hebrew: מָן) or al-Mann (Arabic: المَنّ , Kurdish: gezo, Persian: گزانگبین),
sometimes or archaically spelled mana,
is an edible substance which, according to the Bible and the Quran,
God provided for the Israelites during their travels in the desert
during the forty-year period following the Exodus and prior to the conquest of Canaan.
...
In the Hebrew Bible, manna is described twice: once in Exodus 16:1-36 with the full narrative surrounding it, and once again in Numbers 11:1-9 as a part of a separate narrative.
...
in the Book of Exodus, manna is described as being "a fine, flake-like thing" like the frost on the ground.
...
It is described in the Book of Numbers as arriving with the dew during the night.
...
Exodus adds that manna was comparable to hoarfrost in size,
similarly had to be collected before it was melted by the heat of the sun,
and was like a coriander seed that is white.
...
Numbers describes it as having the appearance of bdellium,
adding that the Israelites ground it and pounded it into cakes, which were then baked, resulting in something that tasted like cakes baked with oil.
...
Exodus states that raw manna tasted like wafers that had been made with honey.
...
Exodus 16:23-24 states:
This is what the Lord commanded: "Tomorrow is to be a day of rest, a holy Sabbath to the Lord. So bake what you want to bake and boil what you want to boil. Save whatever is left and keep it until morning." So they saved it until morning, as Moses commanded, and it did not stink or get maggots in it.
...
At the turn of the twentieth century, Arabs of the Sinai Peninsula were selling resin from the tamarisk tree as man es-simma, roughly meaning "heavenly manna".
...
Tamarisk trees (particularly Tamarix gallica) were once comparatively extensive
throughout the southern Sinai, and their resin is similar to wax,
melts in the sun, is sweet and aromatic (like honey), and has a dirty-yellow color,
fitting somewhat with the Biblical descriptions of manna.
However, this resin is mostly composed of sugar, so it would be unlikely to provide
sufficient nutrition for a population to survive over long periods of time,
...
Man is possibly cognate with the Arabic term man, meaning plant lice,
with man hu thus meaning "this is plant lice",
which fits one widespread modern identification of manna,
the crystallized honeydew of certain scale insects.
In the environment of a desert, such honeydew rapidly dries due to
evaporation of its water content, becoming a sticky solid, and
later turning whitish, yellowish, or brownish;
honeydew of this form is considered a delicacy in the Middle East, and
is a good source of carbohydrates.
In particular, there is a scale insect that feeds on tamarisk,
the Tamarisk manna scale (Trabutina mannipara), which is often considered to be
the prime candidate for biblical manna.
...
//===
inverse vs reverse
multiplicative inverse
additive inverse
matrix inverse
//=== https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/22621/what-are-the-differences-between-inverse-reverse-and-converse
inverse: opposite or contrary in position, direction, order, or effect
in mathematics - something obtained by inversion or something that can be applied to an element to produce its identity element
reverse: opposite primarily in direction
in law - reverse or annul
in printing - make print white in a block of solid color or half tone
in electronics - in the direction that does not allow significant current
in geology - denoting a fault or faulting in which a relative downward movement occurred in the strata situated on the underside of the fault plane
converse: corresponding yet opposing
in mathematics - a theorem whose hypothesis and conclusion are the conclusion and hypothesis of another
also a brand of shoe
transverse: situated across from something
obverse: the opposite or counterpart of something (particularly a truth)
in biology - narrower at the base or point of attachment than at the apex or top
...
Reverse is the only one I've commonly heard in casual speech and only referring to the direction of a car (in US... don't know about UK et al).
//=== traverse vs transverse
http://wikidiff.com/transverse/traverse
//===
Monday, September 4, 2017
聖經的英文 , 版本
//=== http://biblehub.com/john/6-9.htm
5 barley loaves , 2 small fishes
New International Version
"Here is a boy with five small barley loaves and two small fish, but how far will they go among so many?"
New Living Translation
"There's a young boy here with five barley loaves and two fish. But what good is that with this huge crowd?"
English Standard Version
“There is a boy here who has five barley loaves and two fish, but what are they for so many?”
Berean Study Bible
"Here is a boy with five barley loaves and two small fish. But what difference will these make among so many?"
Berean Literal Bible
"Here is a little boy who has five barley loaves and two small fish, but what are these for so many?"
New American Standard Bible
"There is a lad here who has five barley loaves and two fish, but what are these for so many people?"
King James Bible
There is a lad here, which hath five barley loaves, and two small fishes: but what are they among so many?
Holman Christian Standard Bible
There's a boy here who has five barley loaves and two fish--but what are they for so many?"
International Standard Version
"There's a little boy here who has five barley loaves and two small fish. But what are these among so many people?"
NET Bible
"Here is a boy who has five barley loaves and two fish, but what good are these for so many people?"
New Heart English Bible
"There is a boy here who has five barley loaves and two fish, but what are these among so many?"
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
“There is a boy here who has five loaves of barley bread and two fish with him; but what are they to all of these?”
GOD'S WORD® Translation
"A boy who has five loaves of barley bread and two small fish is here. But they won't go very far for so many people."
New American Standard 1977
“There is a lad here who has five barley loaves and two fish, but what are these for so many people?”
Jubilee Bible 2000
There is a lad here, who has five barley loaves and two small fishes, but what are they among so many?
King James 2000 Bible
There is a lad here, who has five barley loaves, and two small fishes: but what are they among so many?
American King James Version
There is a lad here, which has five barley loaves, and two small fishes: but what are they among so many?
American Standard Version
There is a lad here, who hath five barley loaves, and two fishes: but what are these among so many?
Douay-Rheims Bible
There is a boy here that hath five barley loaves, and two fishes; but what are these among so many?
Darby Bible Translation
There is a little boy here who has five barley loaves and two small fishes; but this, what is it for so many?
English Revised Version
There is a lad here, which hath five barley loaves, and two fishes: but what are these among so many?
Webster's Bible Translation
There is a lad here, who hath five barley-loaves, and two small fishes: but what are they among so many?
Weymouth New Testament
"There is a boy here with five barley loaves and a couple of fish: but what is that among so many?"
World English Bible
"There is a boy here who has five barley loaves and two fish, but what are these among so many?"
Young's Literal Translation
'There is one little lad here who hath five barley loaves, and two fishes, but these -- what are they to so many?
//=== http://biblehub.com/john/6-9.htm
5 barley loaves , 2 small fishes
New International Version
"Here is a boy with five small barley loaves and two small fish, but how far will they go among so many?"
New Living Translation
"There's a young boy here with five barley loaves and two fish. But what good is that with this huge crowd?"
English Standard Version
“There is a boy here who has five barley loaves and two fish, but what are they for so many?”
Berean Study Bible
"Here is a boy with five barley loaves and two small fish. But what difference will these make among so many?"
Berean Literal Bible
"Here is a little boy who has five barley loaves and two small fish, but what are these for so many?"
New American Standard Bible
"There is a lad here who has five barley loaves and two fish, but what are these for so many people?"
King James Bible
There is a lad here, which hath five barley loaves, and two small fishes: but what are they among so many?
Holman Christian Standard Bible
There's a boy here who has five barley loaves and two fish--but what are they for so many?"
International Standard Version
"There's a little boy here who has five barley loaves and two small fish. But what are these among so many people?"
NET Bible
"Here is a boy who has five barley loaves and two fish, but what good are these for so many people?"
New Heart English Bible
"There is a boy here who has five barley loaves and two fish, but what are these among so many?"
Aramaic Bible in Plain English
“There is a boy here who has five loaves of barley bread and two fish with him; but what are they to all of these?”
GOD'S WORD® Translation
"A boy who has five loaves of barley bread and two small fish is here. But they won't go very far for so many people."
New American Standard 1977
“There is a lad here who has five barley loaves and two fish, but what are these for so many people?”
Jubilee Bible 2000
There is a lad here, who has five barley loaves and two small fishes, but what are they among so many?
King James 2000 Bible
There is a lad here, who has five barley loaves, and two small fishes: but what are they among so many?
American King James Version
There is a lad here, which has five barley loaves, and two small fishes: but what are they among so many?
American Standard Version
There is a lad here, who hath five barley loaves, and two fishes: but what are these among so many?
Douay-Rheims Bible
There is a boy here that hath five barley loaves, and two fishes; but what are these among so many?
Darby Bible Translation
There is a little boy here who has five barley loaves and two small fishes; but this, what is it for so many?
English Revised Version
There is a lad here, which hath five barley loaves, and two fishes: but what are these among so many?
Webster's Bible Translation
There is a lad here, who hath five barley-loaves, and two small fishes: but what are they among so many?
Weymouth New Testament
"There is a boy here with five barley loaves and a couple of fish: but what is that among so many?"
World English Bible
"There is a boy here who has five barley loaves and two fish, but what are these among so many?"
Young's Literal Translation
'There is one little lad here who hath five barley loaves, and two fishes, but these -- what are they to so many?
//=== http://biblehub.com/john/6-9.htm
小氣鬼的英文
//=== 小氣鬼的英文
http://www.appledaily.com.tw/appledaily/article/international/20110821/33612954/
cheapskate (n.) 小氣鬼；守財奴
miser (n.) 吝嗇鬼
hoarder (n.) 囤積者
stingy (a.) 小氣的；吝嗇的
tight-fisted (a.) 吝嗇的
squeeze blood out of a stone「從石頭中榨出血」，意指人「一毛不拔，鐵公雞」。
penny-pincher, pinchpenny, niggard, cheese-parer, Scrooge;
miser /m'aiz.r/
n, someone who has a strong wish to have money and hates to spend it
--> miserly, adj
//=== tight-fisted
a. unwilling to spend money:
Don't wait for Gillian to buy you a drink - she's too tight-fisted.
//=== thrift, 節儉
n. the careful use of money, especially by avoiding waste
--> thrifty, adj
budgeting money
//=== http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english-chinese-traditional/fathom
fathom
verb [ T ] UK /ˈfæð.əm/ US /ˈfæð.əm/
to discover the meaning of something:
For years people have been trying to fathom (out) the mysteries of the whale's song.
to understand someone or why someone acts as they do:
I can't fathom her at all.
英尋（測量水深單位，合1.8米或6英尺）
uk to discover the meaning of something
弄清；理解
For years people have been trying to fathom (out) the mysteries of the whale's song.
多年來人們一直試圖弄清鯨魚歌聲之謎。
to understand someone or why someone acts as they do
瞭解；明白
I can't fathom her at all.
我一點也搞不懂她。
//===cheapskate
http://www.worldwidewords.org/weirdwords/ww-che2.htm
...
Skate began to appear in print in the US at the end of the nineteenth century, almost simultaneously meaning a worn-out horse, a mean or contemptible person, and a second-rate sportsman (later, in the Royal Navy, according to Eric Partridge, it became a slang term for a troublesome rating). Cheap was added early on to refer to a person’s tight-fisted nature rather than any of his other perceived inadequacies. An early example appeared in the Newark Daily Advocate of Ohio in 1896 in a story about a streetcar motorman who was remonstrating with a driver of a coal wagon: “You’re a gol dinged, insignificant, pusillanimous, ragged, cheap skate of a tenth assistant barnyard corporal.”
...
http://www.appledaily.com.tw/appledaily/article/international/20110821/33612954/
cheapskate (n.) 小氣鬼；守財奴
miser (n.) 吝嗇鬼
hoarder (n.) 囤積者
stingy (a.) 小氣的；吝嗇的
tight-fisted (a.) 吝嗇的
squeeze blood out of a stone「從石頭中榨出血」，意指人「一毛不拔，鐵公雞」。
penny-pincher, pinchpenny, niggard, cheese-parer, Scrooge;
miser /m'aiz.r/
n, someone who has a strong wish to have money and hates to spend it
--> miserly, adj
//=== tight-fisted
a. unwilling to spend money:
Don't wait for Gillian to buy you a drink - she's too tight-fisted.
//=== thrift, 節儉
n. the careful use of money, especially by avoiding waste
--> thrifty, adj
budgeting money
//=== http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english-chinese-traditional/fathom
fathom
verb [ T ] UK /ˈfæð.əm/ US /ˈfæð.əm/
to discover the meaning of something:
For years people have been trying to fathom (out) the mysteries of the whale's song.
to understand someone or why someone acts as they do:
I can't fathom her at all.
英尋（測量水深單位，合1.8米或6英尺）
uk to discover the meaning of something
弄清；理解
For years people have been trying to fathom (out) the mysteries of the whale's song.
多年來人們一直試圖弄清鯨魚歌聲之謎。
to understand someone or why someone acts as they do
瞭解；明白
I can't fathom her at all.
我一點也搞不懂她。
//===cheapskate
http://www.worldwidewords.org/weirdwords/ww-che2.htm
...
Skate began to appear in print in the US at the end of the nineteenth century, almost simultaneously meaning a worn-out horse, a mean or contemptible person, and a second-rate sportsman (later, in the Royal Navy, according to Eric Partridge, it became a slang term for a troublesome rating). Cheap was added early on to refer to a person’s tight-fisted nature rather than any of his other perceived inadequacies. An early example appeared in the Newark Daily Advocate of Ohio in 1896 in a story about a streetcar motorman who was remonstrating with a driver of a coal wagon: “You’re a gol dinged, insignificant, pusillanimous, ragged, cheap skate of a tenth assistant barnyard corporal.”
...
Thursday, August 31, 2017
聖經的英文 - John 6:
//=== http://labs.bible.org/api/?passage=John+6:
John 6:
The Feeding of the Five Thousand
-------------
1 | After this Jesus went away to the other side of the Sea of Galilee (also called the Sea of Tiberias).
2 | A large crowd was following him because they were observing the miraculous signs he was performing on the sick.
3 | So Jesus went on up the mountainside and sat down there with his disciples.
4 | (Now the Jewish feast of the Passover was near.)
5 | Then Jesus, when he looked up and saw that a large crowd was coming to him, said to Philip, “Where can we buy bread so that these people may eat?”
6 | (Now Jesus said this to test him, for he knew what he was going to do.)
7 | Philip replied, “Two hundred silver coins worth of bread would not be enough for them, for each one to get a little.”
8 | One of Jesus’ disciples, Andrew, Simon Peter’s brother, said to him,
9 | “Here is a boy who has five barley loaves and two fish, but what good are these for so many people?”
10 | Jesus said, “Have the people sit down.” (Now there was a lot of grass in that place.) So the men sat down, about five thousand in number.
11 | Then Jesus took the loaves, and when he had given thanks, he distributed the bread to those who were seated. He then did the same with the fish, as much as they wanted.
12 | When they were all satisfied, Jesus said to his disciples, “Gather up the broken pieces that are left over, so that nothing is wasted.”
13 | So they gathered them up and filled twelve baskets with broken pieces from the five barley loaves left over by the people who had eaten.
14 | Now when the people saw the miraculous sign that Jesus performed, they began to say to one another, “This is certainly the Prophet who is to come into the world.”
15 | Then Jesus, because he knew they were going to come and seize him by force to make him king, withdrew again up the mountainside alone.
16 | Now when evening came, his disciples went down to the lake,
17 | got into a boat, and started to cross the lake to Capernaum. (It had already become dark, and Jesus had not yet come to them.)
18 | By now a strong wind was blowing and the sea was getting rough.
19 | Then, when they had rowed about three or four miles, they caught sight of Jesus walking on the lake, approaching the boat, and they were frightened.
20 | But he said to them, “It is I. Do not be afraid.”
21 | Then they wanted to take him into the boat, and immediately the boat came to the land where they had been heading.
22 | The next day the crowd that remained on the other side of the lake realized that only one small boat had been there, and that Jesus had not boarded it with his disciples, but that his disciples had gone away alone.
23 | But some boats from Tiberias came to shore near the place where they had eaten the bread after the Lord had given thanks.
24 | So when the crowd realized that neither Jesus nor his disciples were there, they got into the boats and came to Capernaum looking for Jesus.
25 | When they found him on the other side of the lake, they said to him, “Rabbi, when did you get here?”
26 | Jesus replied, “I tell you the solemn truth, you are looking for me not because you saw miraculous signs, but because you ate all the loaves of bread you wanted.
27 | Do not work for the food that disappears, but for the food that remains to eternal life – the food which the Son of Man will give to you. For God the Father has put his seal of approval on him.”
28 | So then they said to him, “What must we do to accomplish the deeds God requires?”
29 | Jesus replied, “This is the deed God requires – to believe in the one whom he sent.”
30 | So they said to him, “Then what miraculous sign will you perform, so that we may see it and believe you? What will you do?
31 | Our ancestors ate the manna in the wilderness, just as it is written, ‘He gave them bread from heaven to eat.’”
32 | Then Jesus told them, “I tell you the solemn truth, it is not Moses who has given you the bread from heaven, but my Father is giving you the true bread from heaven.
33 | For the bread of God is the one who comes down from heaven and gives life to the world.”
34 | So they said to him, “Sir, give us this bread all the time!”
35 | Jesus said to them, “I am the bread of life. The one who comes to me will never go hungry, and the one who believes in me will never be thirsty.
36 | But I told you that you have seen me and still do not believe.
37 | Everyone whom the Father gives me will come to me, and the one who comes to me I will never send away.
38 | For I have come down from heaven not to do my own will but the will of the one who sent me.
39 | Now this is the will of the one who sent me – that I should not lose one person of every one he has given me, but raise them all up at the last day.
40 | For this is the will of my Father – for everyone who looks on the Son and believes in him to have eternal life, and I will raise him up at the last day.”
41 | Then the Jews who were hostile to Jesus began complaining about him because he said, “I am the bread that came down from heaven,”
42 | and they said, “Isn’t this Jesus the son of Joseph, whose father and mother we know? How can he now say, ‘I have come down from heaven’?”
43 | Jesus replied, “Do not complain about me to one another.
44 | No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him, and I will raise him up at the last day.
45 | It is written in the prophets, ‘And they will all be taught by God.’ Everyone who hears and learns from the Father comes to me.
46 | (Not that anyone has seen the Father except the one who is from God – he has seen the Father.)
47 | I tell you the solemn truth, the one who believes has eternal life.
48 | I am the bread of life.
49 | Your ancestors ate the manna in the wilderness, and they died.
50 | This is the bread that has come down from heaven, so that a person may eat from it and not die.
51 | I am the living bread that came down from heaven. If anyone eats from this bread he will live forever. The bread that I will give for the life of the world is my flesh.”
52 | Then the Jews who were hostile to Jesus began to argue with one another, “How can this man give us his flesh to eat?”
53 | Jesus said to them, “I tell you the solemn truth, unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink his blood, you have no life in yourselves.
54 | The one who eats my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up on the last day.
55 | For my flesh is true food, and my blood is true drink.
56 | The one who eats my flesh and drinks my blood resides in me, and I in him.
57 | Just as the living Father sent me, and I live because of the Father, so the one who consumes me will live because of me.
58 | This is the bread that came down from heaven; it is not like the bread your ancestors ate, but then later died. The one who eats this bread will live forever.”
59 | Jesus said these things while he was teaching in the synagogue in Capernaum.
60 | Then many of his disciples, when they heard these things, said, “This is a difficult saying! Who can understand it?”
61 | When Jesus was aware that his disciples were complaining about this, he said to them, “Does this cause you to be offended?
62 | Then what if you see the Son of Man ascending where he was before?
63 | The Spirit is the one who gives life; human nature is of no help! The words that I have spoken to you are spirit and are life.
64 | But there are some of you who do not believe.” (For Jesus had already known from the beginning who those were who did not believe, and who it was who would betray him.)
65 | So Jesus added, “Because of this I told you that no one can come to me unless the Father has allowed him to come.”
66 | After this many of his disciples quit following him and did not accompany him any longer.
67 | So Jesus said to the twelve, “You don’t want to go away too, do you?”
68 | Simon Peter answered him, “Lord, to whom would we go? You have the words of eternal life.
69 | We have come to believe and to know that you are the Holy One of God!”
70 | Jesus replied, “Didn’t I choose you, the twelve, and yet one of you is the devil?”
71 | (Now he said this about Judas son of Simon Iscariot, for Judas, one of the twelve, was going to betray him.)
-------------
John 6:
The Feeding of the Five Thousand
-------------
1 | After this Jesus went away to the other side of the Sea of Galilee (also called the Sea of Tiberias).
2 | A large crowd was following him because they were observing the miraculous signs he was performing on the sick.
3 | So Jesus went on up the mountainside and sat down there with his disciples.
4 | (Now the Jewish feast of the Passover was near.)
5 | Then Jesus, when he looked up and saw that a large crowd was coming to him, said to Philip, “Where can we buy bread so that these people may eat?”
6 | (Now Jesus said this to test him, for he knew what he was going to do.)
7 | Philip replied, “Two hundred silver coins worth of bread would not be enough for them, for each one to get a little.”
8 | One of Jesus’ disciples, Andrew, Simon Peter’s brother, said to him,
9 | “Here is a boy who has five barley loaves and two fish, but what good are these for so many people?”
10 | Jesus said, “Have the people sit down.” (Now there was a lot of grass in that place.) So the men sat down, about five thousand in number.
11 | Then Jesus took the loaves, and when he had given thanks, he distributed the bread to those who were seated. He then did the same with the fish, as much as they wanted.
12 | When they were all satisfied, Jesus said to his disciples, “Gather up the broken pieces that are left over, so that nothing is wasted.”
13 | So they gathered them up and filled twelve baskets with broken pieces from the five barley loaves left over by the people who had eaten.
14 | Now when the people saw the miraculous sign that Jesus performed, they began to say to one another, “This is certainly the Prophet who is to come into the world.”
15 | Then Jesus, because he knew they were going to come and seize him by force to make him king, withdrew again up the mountainside alone.
16 | Now when evening came, his disciples went down to the lake,
17 | got into a boat, and started to cross the lake to Capernaum. (It had already become dark, and Jesus had not yet come to them.)
18 | By now a strong wind was blowing and the sea was getting rough.
19 | Then, when they had rowed about three or four miles, they caught sight of Jesus walking on the lake, approaching the boat, and they were frightened.
20 | But he said to them, “It is I. Do not be afraid.”
21 | Then they wanted to take him into the boat, and immediately the boat came to the land where they had been heading.
22 | The next day the crowd that remained on the other side of the lake realized that only one small boat had been there, and that Jesus had not boarded it with his disciples, but that his disciples had gone away alone.
23 | But some boats from Tiberias came to shore near the place where they had eaten the bread after the Lord had given thanks.
24 | So when the crowd realized that neither Jesus nor his disciples were there, they got into the boats and came to Capernaum looking for Jesus.
25 | When they found him on the other side of the lake, they said to him, “Rabbi, when did you get here?”
26 | Jesus replied, “I tell you the solemn truth, you are looking for me not because you saw miraculous signs, but because you ate all the loaves of bread you wanted.
27 | Do not work for the food that disappears, but for the food that remains to eternal life – the food which the Son of Man will give to you. For God the Father has put his seal of approval on him.”
28 | So then they said to him, “What must we do to accomplish the deeds God requires?”
29 | Jesus replied, “This is the deed God requires – to believe in the one whom he sent.”
30 | So they said to him, “Then what miraculous sign will you perform, so that we may see it and believe you? What will you do?
31 | Our ancestors ate the manna in the wilderness, just as it is written, ‘He gave them bread from heaven to eat.’”
32 | Then Jesus told them, “I tell you the solemn truth, it is not Moses who has given you the bread from heaven, but my Father is giving you the true bread from heaven.
33 | For the bread of God is the one who comes down from heaven and gives life to the world.”
34 | So they said to him, “Sir, give us this bread all the time!”
35 | Jesus said to them, “I am the bread of life. The one who comes to me will never go hungry, and the one who believes in me will never be thirsty.
36 | But I told you that you have seen me and still do not believe.
37 | Everyone whom the Father gives me will come to me, and the one who comes to me I will never send away.
38 | For I have come down from heaven not to do my own will but the will of the one who sent me.
39 | Now this is the will of the one who sent me – that I should not lose one person of every one he has given me, but raise them all up at the last day.
40 | For this is the will of my Father – for everyone who looks on the Son and believes in him to have eternal life, and I will raise him up at the last day.”
41 | Then the Jews who were hostile to Jesus began complaining about him because he said, “I am the bread that came down from heaven,”
42 | and they said, “Isn’t this Jesus the son of Joseph, whose father and mother we know? How can he now say, ‘I have come down from heaven’?”
43 | Jesus replied, “Do not complain about me to one another.
44 | No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him, and I will raise him up at the last day.
45 | It is written in the prophets, ‘And they will all be taught by God.’ Everyone who hears and learns from the Father comes to me.
46 | (Not that anyone has seen the Father except the one who is from God – he has seen the Father.)
47 | I tell you the solemn truth, the one who believes has eternal life.
48 | I am the bread of life.
49 | Your ancestors ate the manna in the wilderness, and they died.
50 | This is the bread that has come down from heaven, so that a person may eat from it and not die.
51 | I am the living bread that came down from heaven. If anyone eats from this bread he will live forever. The bread that I will give for the life of the world is my flesh.”
52 | Then the Jews who were hostile to Jesus began to argue with one another, “How can this man give us his flesh to eat?”
53 | Jesus said to them, “I tell you the solemn truth, unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink his blood, you have no life in yourselves.
54 | The one who eats my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up on the last day.
55 | For my flesh is true food, and my blood is true drink.
56 | The one who eats my flesh and drinks my blood resides in me, and I in him.
57 | Just as the living Father sent me, and I live because of the Father, so the one who consumes me will live because of me.
58 | This is the bread that came down from heaven; it is not like the bread your ancestors ate, but then later died. The one who eats this bread will live forever.”
59 | Jesus said these things while he was teaching in the synagogue in Capernaum.
60 | Then many of his disciples, when they heard these things, said, “This is a difficult saying! Who can understand it?”
61 | When Jesus was aware that his disciples were complaining about this, he said to them, “Does this cause you to be offended?
62 | Then what if you see the Son of Man ascending where he was before?
63 | The Spirit is the one who gives life; human nature is of no help! The words that I have spoken to you are spirit and are life.
64 | But there are some of you who do not believe.” (For Jesus had already known from the beginning who those were who did not believe, and who it was who would betray him.)
65 | So Jesus added, “Because of this I told you that no one can come to me unless the Father has allowed him to come.”
66 | After this many of his disciples quit following him and did not accompany him any longer.
67 | So Jesus said to the twelve, “You don’t want to go away too, do you?”
68 | Simon Peter answered him, “Lord, to whom would we go? You have the words of eternal life.
69 | We have come to believe and to know that you are the Holy One of God!”
70 | Jesus replied, “Didn’t I choose you, the twelve, and yet one of you is the devil?”
71 | (Now he said this about Judas son of Simon Iscariot, for Judas, one of the twelve, was going to betray him.)
-------------
聖經的英文 - 十誡
聖經的英文 - 十誡
Ten Commandments
//=== https://cute-language-learning.blogspot.tw/2015/04/ten-commandments-chinese-english.html
NET Bible, a completely new translation that can be downloaded for free:
English: http://netbible.com/content/download
Chinese: https://bible.org/chinese/e/download/pdf
底下的中英文對照十誡摘錄自 NET Bible
『NET Bible全名是New English Translation Bible新英語譯本聖經。
縮寫的NET 代表可在互聯網上免費使用並下載(請參WWW.BIBLE.ORG)。
以下簡稱為網英，中譯本稱為網中。』
Deuteronomy (申 命 記) 5:6~5:21
//===
Exodus
Deuteronomy,
Exodus
http://www.dictionary.com/browse/exodus
[ek-suh-duh s]
2. the Exodus, the departure of the Israelites from Egypt under Moses.
3. the second book of the Bible, containing an account of the Exodus.
Abbreviation: Ex.
Exodus
/ˈɛksədəs/
noun
1.
the Exodus, the departure of the Israelites from Egypt led by Moses
2.
the second book of the Old Testament, recounting the events connected with this and the divine visitation of Moses at Mount Sinai
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Deuteronomy
the fifth book of canonical Jewish and Christian Scripture containing narrative and Mosaic laws
http://www.dictionary.com/browse/deuteronomy
[doo-tuh-ron-uh-mee, dyoo-]
/ˌdjuːtəˈrɒnəmɪ/
noun
the fifth book of the Old Testament, containing a second statement of the Mosaic Law
//=== https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E8%AA%A1
...
十誡的三種版本
出埃及記 20:2-17
申命記 5:6-21
出埃及記 34:10-27
...
//=== Exodus 20:2-17
http://labs.bible.org/api/?passage=Exodus+20:2-17
20:
2 “I, the Lord, am your God, who brought you from the land of Egypt, from the house of slavery.
3 “You shall have no other gods before me.
4 “You shall not make for yourself a carved image or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above or that is on the earth beneath or that is in the water below.
5 You shall not bow down to them or serve them, for I, the Lord, your God, am a jealous God, responding to the transgression of fathers by dealing with children to the third and fourth generations of those who reject me,
6 and showing covenant faithfulness to a thousand generations of those who love me and keep my commandments.
7 “You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain, for the Lord will not hold guiltless anyone who takes his name in vain.
8 “Remember the Sabbath day to set it apart as holy.
9 For six days you may labor and do all your work,
10 but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the Lord your God; on it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, or your male servant, or your female servant, or your cattle, or the resident foreigner who is in your gates.
11 For in six days the Lord made the heavens and the earth and the sea and all that is in them, and he rested on the seventh day; therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and set it apart as holy.
12 “Honor your father and your mother, that you may live a long time in the land the Lord your God is giving to you.
13 “You shall not murder.
14 “You shall not commit adultery.
15 “You shall not steal.
16 “You shall not give false testimony against your neighbor.
17 “You shall not covet your neighbor’s house. You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, nor his male servant, nor his female servant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor anything that belongs to your neighbor.”
出埃及記 20:2-17
我是耶和華你的 神、曾將你從埃及地為奴之家領出來。
除了我以外、你不可有別的神。
不可為自己雕刻偶像、也不可作什麼形像、彷彿上天、下地、和地下、水中的百物。
不可跪拜那些像、也不可事奉他、因為我耶和華你的 神是忌邪的 神、恨我的、我必追討他的罪、自父及子、直到三四代。
愛我守我誡命的、我必向他們發慈愛、直到千代。
不可妄稱耶和華——你们神的名、因為妄稱耶和華名的、耶和華必不以他為無罪。
當記念安息日、守為聖日。
六日要勞碌作你一切的工，
但第七日是向耶和華你 神當守的安息日．這一日你和你的兒女、僕婢、牲畜、和你城市里寄居的客旅、無論如何都不可工作。
因為六日之內、耶和華造天、地、海、和其中的萬物、第七日便安息．所以耶和華賜福與安息日、定為聖日。
當尊敬父母、使你的日子在耶和華你 神所賜你的地上、得以長久。
不可謀殺。
不可姦淫。
不可偷盜。
不可陷害人。
不可貪戀人的房屋、也不可貪戀人的妻子、僕婢、牛驢、並他一切所有的。
//=== Deuteronomy 5:6-21
The Ten Commandments
Deuteronomy 5:
http://labs.bible.org/api/?passage=Deuteronomy+5:6-21
6 “I am the Lord your God, he who brought you from the land of Egypt, from the place of slavery.
7 You must not have any other gods besides me.
8 You must not make for yourself an image of anything in heaven above, on earth below, or in the waters beneath.
9 You must not worship or serve them, for I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God. I punish the sons, grandsons, and great-grandsons for the sin of the fathers who reject me,
10 but I show covenant faithfulness to the thousands who choose me and keep my commandments.
11 You must not make use of the name of the Lord your God for worthless purposes, for the Lord will not exonerate anyone who abuses his name that way.
12 Be careful to observe the Sabbath day just as the Lord your God has commanded you.
13 You are to work and do all your tasks in six days,
14 but the seventh day is the Sabbath of the Lord your God. On that day you must not do any work, you, your son, your daughter, your male slave, your female slave, your ox, your donkey, any other animal, or the foreigner who lives with you, so that your male and female slaves, like yourself, may have rest.
15 Recall that you were slaves in the land of Egypt and that the Lord your God brought you out of there by strength and power. That is why the Lord your God has commanded you to observe the Sabbath day.
16 Honor your father and your mother just as the Lord your God has commanded you to do, so that your days may be extended and that it may go well with you in the land that he is about to give you.
17 You must not murder.
18 You must not commit adultery.
19 You must not steal.
20 You must not offer false testimony against another.
21 You must not desire another man’s wife, nor should you crave his house, his field, his male and female servants, his ox, his donkey, or anything else he owns.”
申命記 5:6-21
我是耶和華你的 神、曾將你從埃及地、為奴之家領出來。
除了我以外、你不可有別的神。
不可為自己雕刻偶像．也不可作甚麼形像、彷彿上天、下地、和地底下水中的百物。
不可跪拜那些像、也不可事奉他、因為我耶和華你的 神、是忌邪的 神、恨我的、我必追討他的罪、自父及子、直到三四代。
愛我守我誡命的、我必向他們發慈愛直到千代、
不可妄稱耶和華你 神的名、因為妄稱耶和華名的、耶和華必不以他為無罪。
當照耶和華你 神所吩咐的、守安息日為聖日。
六日要勞碌作你一切的工、
但第七日、是向耶和華你 神當守的安息日。這一日你和你的兒女、僕婢、牛、驢'橙、牲畜、並在你城裏寄居的客旅、無論何工都不可作、使你的僕婢可以和你一樣安息。
你也要記念你在埃及地作過奴僕．耶和華你 神用大能的手、和伸出來的膀臂、將你從那裏領出來、因此、耶和華你的 神吩咐你守安息日。
當照耶和華你 神所吩咐的、尊敬父母、使你得福、並使你的日子在耶和華你 神所賜你的地上、得以長久。
不可謀殺。
不可姦淫。
不可偷盜。
不可陷害人。
不可貪戀人的妻子、也不可貪圖人的房屋、田地、僕婢、牛、驢、並他一切所有的。
//=== Exodus 34:10-27
http://labs.bible.org/api/?passage=Exodus+34:10-27
34:
10 He said, “See, I am going to make a covenant before all your people. I will do wonders such as have not been done in all the earth, nor in any nation. All the people among whom you live will see the work of the Lord, for it is a fearful thing that I am doing with you.
11 “Obey what I am commanding you this day. I am going to drive out before you the Amorite, the Canaanite, the Hittite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite.
12 Be careful not to make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land where you are going, lest it become a snare among you.
13 Rather you must destroy their altars, smash their images, and cut down their Asherah poles.
14 For you must not worship any other god, for the Lord, whose name is Jealous, is a jealous God.
15 Be careful not to make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, for when they prostitute themselves to their gods and sacrifice to their gods, and someone invites you, you will eat from his sacrifice;
16 and you then take his daughters for your sons, and when his daughters prostitute themselves to their gods, they will make your sons prostitute themselves to their gods as well.
17 You must not make yourselves molten gods.
18 “You must keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread. For seven days you must eat bread made without yeast, as I commanded you; do this at the appointed time of the month Abib, for in the month Abib you came out of Egypt.
19 “Every firstborn of the womb belongs to me, even every firstborn of your cattle that is a male, whether ox or sheep.
20 Now the firstling of a donkey you may redeem with a lamb, but if you do not redeem it, then break its neck. You must redeem all the firstborn of your sons. “No one will appear before me empty-handed.
21 “On six days you may labor, but on the seventh day you must rest; even at the time of plowing and of harvest you are to rest.
22 “You must observe the Feast of Weeks – the firstfruits of the harvest of wheat – and the Feast of Ingathering at the end of the year.
23 At three times in the year all your men must appear before the Lord God, the God of Israel.
24 For I will drive out the nations before you and enlarge your borders; no one will covet your land when you go up to appear before the Lord your God three times in the year.
25 “You must not offer the blood of my sacrifice with yeast; the sacrifice from the feast of Passover must not remain until the following morning.
26 “The first of the firstfruits of your soil you must bring to the house of the Lord your God. You must not cook a young goat in its mother’s milk.”
27 The Lord said to Moses, “Write down these words, for in accordance with these words I have made a covenant with you and with Israel.”
covenant
snare
prostitute
molten gods
feast of Passover
feast of Ingathering
feast of Unleavened Bread
month Abib
firstfruits
firstling
the first of the firstfruits
Abib == Aviv , both pronounced as /av'i:v/
the seventh month of the Jewish year, equivalent to Nisan of the modern Jewish calendar.
出埃及記 34:10-27
耶和華說、我要立約、要在百姓面前行奇妙的事、是在遍地萬國中所未曾行的．在你四圍的外邦人、就要看見耶和華的作為、因我向你所行的是可畏懼的事。
我今天所吩咐你的、你要謹守．我要從你面前攆出亞摩利人、迦南人、赫人、比利洗人、希未人、耶布斯人。
你要謹慎、不可與你所去那地的居民立約、恐怕成為你們中間的網羅。
卻要拆毀他們的祭壇、打碎他們的柱像、砍下他們的木偶。
不可敬拜別神、因為耶和華是忌邪的 神、名為忌邪者。
只怕你與那地的居民立約、百姓隨從他們的神、就行邪淫、祭祀他們的神、有人叫你、你便吃他的祭物、
又為你的兒子娶他們的女兒為妻、他們的女兒隨從他們的神就行邪淫、使你的兒子也隨從他們的神行邪淫。
不可為自己鑄造神像。
你要守除酵節、照我所吩咐你的、在亞筆月內所定的日期、吃無酵餅七天、因為你是這亞筆月內出了埃及。
凡頭生的都是我的、一切牲畜頭生的、無論是牛是羊、公的都是我的。
頭生的驢、要用羊羔代贖、若不代贖、就要打折他的頸項。凡頭生的兒子都要贖出來。誰也不可空手朝見我。
你六日要作工、第七日要安息、雖在耕種收割的時候、也要安息。
在收割初熟麥子的時候、要守七七節．又在年底要守收藏節。
你們一切男丁、要一年三次朝見主耶和華以色列的 神。
我要從你面前趕出外邦人、擴張你的境界．你一年三次上去朝見耶和華你 神的時候、必沒有人貪慕你的地土。
你不可將我祭物的血、和有酵的餅、一同獻上．逾越節的祭物、也不可留到早晨。
地裏首先初熟之物、要送到耶和華你 神的殿。不可用山羊羔母的奶、煮山羊羔。
//=== https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ten_Commandments
Traditions:
LXX: Septuagint, generally followed by Orthodox Christians.
P: Philo, same as the Septuagint, but with the prohibitions on killing and adultery reversed.
S: Samaritan Pentateuch, with an additional commandment about Mount Gerizim as 10th.
T: Jewish Talmud, makes the "prologue" the first "saying" or "matter" and combines the prohibition on worshiping deities other than Yahweh with the prohibition on idolatry.
A: Augustine follows the Talmud in combining verses 3–6, but omits the prologue as a commandment and divides the prohibition on coveting in two and following the word order of Deuteronomy 5:21 rather than Exodus 20:17.
C: Catechism of the Catholic Church, largely follows Augustine.
L: Lutherans follow Luther's Large Catechism, which follows Augustine but omits the prohibition of images[27] and uses the word order of Exodus 20:17 rather than Deuteronomy 5:21 for the ninth and tenth commandments.
R: Reformed Christians follow John Calvin's Institutes of the Christian Religion, which follows the Septuagint; this system is also used in the Anglican Book of Common Prayer.[28]
//=== https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E8%AA%A1
Ten Commandments
//=== https://cute-language-learning.blogspot.tw/2015/04/ten-commandments-chinese-english.html
NET Bible, a completely new translation that can be downloaded for free:
English: http://netbible.com/content/download
Chinese: https://bible.org/chinese/e/download/pdf
底下的中英文對照十誡摘錄自 NET Bible
『NET Bible全名是New English Translation Bible新英語譯本聖經。
縮寫的NET 代表可在互聯網上免費使用並下載(請參WWW.BIBLE.ORG)。
以下簡稱為網英，中譯本稱為網中。』
Deuteronomy (申 命 記) 5:6~5:21
//===
Exodus
Deuteronomy,
Exodus
http://www.dictionary.com/browse/exodus
[ek-suh-duh s]
2. the Exodus, the departure of the Israelites from Egypt under Moses.
3. the second book of the Bible, containing an account of the Exodus.
Abbreviation: Ex.
Exodus
/ˈɛksədəs/
noun
1.
the Exodus, the departure of the Israelites from Egypt led by Moses
2.
the second book of the Old Testament, recounting the events connected with this and the divine visitation of Moses at Mount Sinai
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Deuteronomy
the fifth book of canonical Jewish and Christian Scripture containing narrative and Mosaic laws
http://www.dictionary.com/browse/deuteronomy
[doo-tuh-ron-uh-mee, dyoo-]
/ˌdjuːtəˈrɒnəmɪ/
noun
the fifth book of the Old Testament, containing a second statement of the Mosaic Law
//=== https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E8%AA%A1
...
十誡的三種版本
出埃及記 20:2-17
申命記 5:6-21
出埃及記 34:10-27
...
//=== Exodus 20:2-17
http://labs.bible.org/api/?passage=Exodus+20:2-17
20:
2 “I, the Lord, am your God, who brought you from the land of Egypt, from the house of slavery.
3 “You shall have no other gods before me.
4 “You shall not make for yourself a carved image or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above or that is on the earth beneath or that is in the water below.
5 You shall not bow down to them or serve them, for I, the Lord, your God, am a jealous God, responding to the transgression of fathers by dealing with children to the third and fourth generations of those who reject me,
6 and showing covenant faithfulness to a thousand generations of those who love me and keep my commandments.
7 “You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain, for the Lord will not hold guiltless anyone who takes his name in vain.
8 “Remember the Sabbath day to set it apart as holy.
9 For six days you may labor and do all your work,
10 but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the Lord your God; on it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, or your male servant, or your female servant, or your cattle, or the resident foreigner who is in your gates.
11 For in six days the Lord made the heavens and the earth and the sea and all that is in them, and he rested on the seventh day; therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and set it apart as holy.
12 “Honor your father and your mother, that you may live a long time in the land the Lord your God is giving to you.
13 “You shall not murder.
14 “You shall not commit adultery.
15 “You shall not steal.
16 “You shall not give false testimony against your neighbor.
17 “You shall not covet your neighbor’s house. You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, nor his male servant, nor his female servant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor anything that belongs to your neighbor.”
出埃及記 20:2-17
我是耶和華你的 神、曾將你從埃及地為奴之家領出來。
除了我以外、你不可有別的神。
不可為自己雕刻偶像、也不可作什麼形像、彷彿上天、下地、和地下、水中的百物。
不可跪拜那些像、也不可事奉他、因為我耶和華你的 神是忌邪的 神、恨我的、我必追討他的罪、自父及子、直到三四代。
愛我守我誡命的、我必向他們發慈愛、直到千代。
不可妄稱耶和華——你们神的名、因為妄稱耶和華名的、耶和華必不以他為無罪。
當記念安息日、守為聖日。
六日要勞碌作你一切的工，
但第七日是向耶和華你 神當守的安息日．這一日你和你的兒女、僕婢、牲畜、和你城市里寄居的客旅、無論如何都不可工作。
因為六日之內、耶和華造天、地、海、和其中的萬物、第七日便安息．所以耶和華賜福與安息日、定為聖日。
當尊敬父母、使你的日子在耶和華你 神所賜你的地上、得以長久。
不可謀殺。
不可姦淫。
不可偷盜。
不可陷害人。
不可貪戀人的房屋、也不可貪戀人的妻子、僕婢、牛驢、並他一切所有的。
//=== Deuteronomy 5:6-21
The Ten Commandments
Deuteronomy 5:
http://labs.bible.org/api/?passage=Deuteronomy+5:6-21
6 “I am the Lord your God, he who brought you from the land of Egypt, from the place of slavery.
7 You must not have any other gods besides me.
8 You must not make for yourself an image of anything in heaven above, on earth below, or in the waters beneath.
9 You must not worship or serve them, for I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God. I punish the sons, grandsons, and great-grandsons for the sin of the fathers who reject me,
10 but I show covenant faithfulness to the thousands who choose me and keep my commandments.
11 You must not make use of the name of the Lord your God for worthless purposes, for the Lord will not exonerate anyone who abuses his name that way.
12 Be careful to observe the Sabbath day just as the Lord your God has commanded you.
13 You are to work and do all your tasks in six days,
14 but the seventh day is the Sabbath of the Lord your God. On that day you must not do any work, you, your son, your daughter, your male slave, your female slave, your ox, your donkey, any other animal, or the foreigner who lives with you, so that your male and female slaves, like yourself, may have rest.
15 Recall that you were slaves in the land of Egypt and that the Lord your God brought you out of there by strength and power. That is why the Lord your God has commanded you to observe the Sabbath day.
16 Honor your father and your mother just as the Lord your God has commanded you to do, so that your days may be extended and that it may go well with you in the land that he is about to give you.
17 You must not murder.
18 You must not commit adultery.
19 You must not steal.
20 You must not offer false testimony against another.
21 You must not desire another man’s wife, nor should you crave his house, his field, his male and female servants, his ox, his donkey, or anything else he owns.”
申命記 5:6-21
我是耶和華你的 神、曾將你從埃及地、為奴之家領出來。
除了我以外、你不可有別的神。
不可為自己雕刻偶像．也不可作甚麼形像、彷彿上天、下地、和地底下水中的百物。
不可跪拜那些像、也不可事奉他、因為我耶和華你的 神、是忌邪的 神、恨我的、我必追討他的罪、自父及子、直到三四代。
愛我守我誡命的、我必向他們發慈愛直到千代、
不可妄稱耶和華你 神的名、因為妄稱耶和華名的、耶和華必不以他為無罪。
當照耶和華你 神所吩咐的、守安息日為聖日。
六日要勞碌作你一切的工、
但第七日、是向耶和華你 神當守的安息日。這一日你和你的兒女、僕婢、牛、驢'橙、牲畜、並在你城裏寄居的客旅、無論何工都不可作、使你的僕婢可以和你一樣安息。
你也要記念你在埃及地作過奴僕．耶和華你 神用大能的手、和伸出來的膀臂、將你從那裏領出來、因此、耶和華你的 神吩咐你守安息日。
當照耶和華你 神所吩咐的、尊敬父母、使你得福、並使你的日子在耶和華你 神所賜你的地上、得以長久。
不可謀殺。
不可姦淫。
不可偷盜。
不可陷害人。
不可貪戀人的妻子、也不可貪圖人的房屋、田地、僕婢、牛、驢、並他一切所有的。
//=== Exodus 34:10-27
http://labs.bible.org/api/?passage=Exodus+34:10-27
34:
10 He said, “See, I am going to make a covenant before all your people. I will do wonders such as have not been done in all the earth, nor in any nation. All the people among whom you live will see the work of the Lord, for it is a fearful thing that I am doing with you.
11 “Obey what I am commanding you this day. I am going to drive out before you the Amorite, the Canaanite, the Hittite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite.
12 Be careful not to make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land where you are going, lest it become a snare among you.
13 Rather you must destroy their altars, smash their images, and cut down their Asherah poles.
14 For you must not worship any other god, for the Lord, whose name is Jealous, is a jealous God.
15 Be careful not to make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, for when they prostitute themselves to their gods and sacrifice to their gods, and someone invites you, you will eat from his sacrifice;
16 and you then take his daughters for your sons, and when his daughters prostitute themselves to their gods, they will make your sons prostitute themselves to their gods as well.
17 You must not make yourselves molten gods.
18 “You must keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread. For seven days you must eat bread made without yeast, as I commanded you; do this at the appointed time of the month Abib, for in the month Abib you came out of Egypt.
19 “Every firstborn of the womb belongs to me, even every firstborn of your cattle that is a male, whether ox or sheep.
20 Now the firstling of a donkey you may redeem with a lamb, but if you do not redeem it, then break its neck. You must redeem all the firstborn of your sons. “No one will appear before me empty-handed.
21 “On six days you may labor, but on the seventh day you must rest; even at the time of plowing and of harvest you are to rest.
22 “You must observe the Feast of Weeks – the firstfruits of the harvest of wheat – and the Feast of Ingathering at the end of the year.
23 At three times in the year all your men must appear before the Lord God, the God of Israel.
24 For I will drive out the nations before you and enlarge your borders; no one will covet your land when you go up to appear before the Lord your God three times in the year.
25 “You must not offer the blood of my sacrifice with yeast; the sacrifice from the feast of Passover must not remain until the following morning.
26 “The first of the firstfruits of your soil you must bring to the house of the Lord your God. You must not cook a young goat in its mother’s milk.”
27 The Lord said to Moses, “Write down these words, for in accordance with these words I have made a covenant with you and with Israel.”
covenant
snare
prostitute
molten gods
feast of Passover
feast of Ingathering
feast of Unleavened Bread
month Abib
firstfruits
firstling
the first of the firstfruits
Abib == Aviv , both pronounced as /av'i:v/
the seventh month of the Jewish year, equivalent to Nisan of the modern Jewish calendar.
出埃及記 34:10-27
耶和華說、我要立約、要在百姓面前行奇妙的事、是在遍地萬國中所未曾行的．在你四圍的外邦人、就要看見耶和華的作為、因我向你所行的是可畏懼的事。
我今天所吩咐你的、你要謹守．我要從你面前攆出亞摩利人、迦南人、赫人、比利洗人、希未人、耶布斯人。
你要謹慎、不可與你所去那地的居民立約、恐怕成為你們中間的網羅。
卻要拆毀他們的祭壇、打碎他們的柱像、砍下他們的木偶。
不可敬拜別神、因為耶和華是忌邪的 神、名為忌邪者。
只怕你與那地的居民立約、百姓隨從他們的神、就行邪淫、祭祀他們的神、有人叫你、你便吃他的祭物、
又為你的兒子娶他們的女兒為妻、他們的女兒隨從他們的神就行邪淫、使你的兒子也隨從他們的神行邪淫。
不可為自己鑄造神像。
你要守除酵節、照我所吩咐你的、在亞筆月內所定的日期、吃無酵餅七天、因為你是這亞筆月內出了埃及。
凡頭生的都是我的、一切牲畜頭生的、無論是牛是羊、公的都是我的。
頭生的驢、要用羊羔代贖、若不代贖、就要打折他的頸項。凡頭生的兒子都要贖出來。誰也不可空手朝見我。
你六日要作工、第七日要安息、雖在耕種收割的時候、也要安息。
在收割初熟麥子的時候、要守七七節．又在年底要守收藏節。
你們一切男丁、要一年三次朝見主耶和華以色列的 神。
我要從你面前趕出外邦人、擴張你的境界．你一年三次上去朝見耶和華你 神的時候、必沒有人貪慕你的地土。
你不可將我祭物的血、和有酵的餅、一同獻上．逾越節的祭物、也不可留到早晨。
地裏首先初熟之物、要送到耶和華你 神的殿。不可用山羊羔母的奶、煮山羊羔。
//=== https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ten_Commandments
Traditions:
LXX: Septuagint, generally followed by Orthodox Christians.
P: Philo, same as the Septuagint, but with the prohibitions on killing and adultery reversed.
S: Samaritan Pentateuch, with an additional commandment about Mount Gerizim as 10th.
T: Jewish Talmud, makes the "prologue" the first "saying" or "matter" and combines the prohibition on worshiping deities other than Yahweh with the prohibition on idolatry.
A: Augustine follows the Talmud in combining verses 3–6, but omits the prologue as a commandment and divides the prohibition on coveting in two and following the word order of Deuteronomy 5:21 rather than Exodus 20:17.
C: Catechism of the Catholic Church, largely follows Augustine.
L: Lutherans follow Luther's Large Catechism, which follows Augustine but omits the prohibition of images[27] and uses the word order of Exodus 20:17 rather than Deuteronomy 5:21 for the ninth and tenth commandments.
R: Reformed Christians follow John Calvin's Institutes of the Christian Religion, which follows the Septuagint; this system is also used in the Anglican Book of Common Prayer.[28]
//=== https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E8%AA%A1
| 诫律 | 犹太教 | 新教 | 东正教 | 天主教、新教信義宗 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 我是你的上帝 | 1 | 前言 | 1 | 1 |
| 不可信仰別神 | 2 | 1 | ||
| 不可拜偶像 | 2 | 2 | ||
| 不可濫用上帝之名 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| 守安息日 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 |
| 尊敬父母 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 |
| 不可谋杀 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 不可奸淫 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 |
| 不可偷盜 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 |
| 不可作假见证 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 |
| 不可貪戀別人的妻子 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 |
| 不可貪戀別人的财产 | 10 |
Wednesday, August 30, 2017
Name, Bobby
//=== http://www.thenamemeaning.com/bobby/
...
in most countries all over the world the name Bobby is a unisex name, used as a boy name and a girl name.
The name Bobby is of French, Germanic origins, which means it has more than one root, and is used mostly in English speaking countries but also in a few other countries and languages of the world.
If you consider naming your baby Bobby we recommend you take note of the special meaning and history of the name as your baby’s name will play a big role in its life and your baby will hear it spoken every day. Searching for a name is a very important and fun process as it’s the very first gift you will give to your baby. Many people believe that the name can affect success in life, through their children's working career and other circumstances, so they choose more “respectable” names or name meanings as they believe that the name meaning reflects the personality of the child.
...
The meaning of Bobby is “Bright fame”.
Keep in mind that many names may have different meanings in other countries and languages, so be careful that the name that you choose doesn’t mean something bad or unpleasant.
...
Read more: http://www.thenamemeaning.com/bobby/#ixzz4rCt9sfDH
Follow us: @NamesForBaby on Twitter | BabyWorldAndBabyNames on Facebook
...
in most countries all over the world the name Bobby is a unisex name, used as a boy name and a girl name.
The name Bobby is of French, Germanic origins, which means it has more than one root, and is used mostly in English speaking countries but also in a few other countries and languages of the world.
If you consider naming your baby Bobby we recommend you take note of the special meaning and history of the name as your baby’s name will play a big role in its life and your baby will hear it spoken every day. Searching for a name is a very important and fun process as it’s the very first gift you will give to your baby. Many people believe that the name can affect success in life, through their children's working career and other circumstances, so they choose more “respectable” names or name meanings as they believe that the name meaning reflects the personality of the child.
...
The meaning of Bobby is “Bright fame”.
Keep in mind that many names may have different meanings in other countries and languages, so be careful that the name that you choose doesn’t mean something bad or unpleasant.
...
Read more: http://www.thenamemeaning.com/bobby/#ixzz4rCt9sfDH
Follow us: @NamesForBaby on Twitter | BabyWorldAndBabyNames on Facebook
澱粉 的英文
//=== http://dict.site/%E6%BE%B1%E7%B2%89.html
澱粉: starch; amylum; farina; amylon; maizena
（用澱粉製成的粉條或粉絲） noodles or vermicelli made from bean/potato
//=== https://www.nutrinote.co/2015/08/19/%E6%BE%B1%E7%B2%89%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%90%83%E4%B8%8B%E8%82%9A%E5%BE%8C%E7%99%BC%E7%94%9F%E4%BB%80%E9%BA%BC%E4%BA%8B%E6%83%85%EF%BC%9F%EF%BC%882%EF%BC%89/
...
含有澱粉的食物：
農作物：稻米、綠豆、紅豆、馬鈴薯、地瓜、玉米、小麥、燕麥、大麥、薏仁…
食材：麵粉、麵條、米、糙米、義大利麵…
食物：麵包、薯條、包子饅頭、碗糕、米糕、發糕、餅乾、蛋糕、炸物的裹粉、蘿蔔糕、洋芋片..
上面列出一些常見的項目，你可以發現想從飲食中杜絕澱粉會是一件滿辛苦的事情。
...
升糖指數是個跟糖與含澱粉食物有密切關係的數值，它是用來衡量人在吃下某種食物後，血糖上升的情形，升糖指數越高的食物血糖就會上升的比較快；反之，就會上升的比較慢。有個比較簡單的理解概念「升糖指數反應食物的消化速度，數值越高越好消化。」
一般來說，越是精製的食物，如果白米、白麵條，升糖指數高；反之，較低。
...
用餐時以菜肉飯的順序就能延緩血糖的上升，這其實就是利用膳食纖維的特性與混和食物的阻礙來延緩澱粉消化與吸收的概念。
...
//=== https://www.nutrinote.co/2015/09/02/%E6%BE%B1%E7%B2%89%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%90%83%E4%B8%8B%E8%82%9A%E5%BE%8C%E7%99%BC%E7%94%9F%E4%BB%80%E9%BA%BC%E4%BA%8B%E6%83%85%EF%BC%9F%EF%BC%883%EF%BC%89/
...
並不是所有的澱粉我們都消化得了，澱粉食物在小腸裡面經過消化後最後會出現兩種命運：
變成葡萄糖：可以被消化的澱粉或糊精，最後會被消化分解成單醣的葡萄糖
抗性澱粉 or 糊精：有時候澱粉食物會出現人體酵素沒辦法消化的連結，也就是抵抗消化的澱粉或糊精，它們就沒辦法被分解成葡萄糖供人體利用。
抗性澱粉（糊精）：有些植物的澱粉結構比較特別或是食物經過加熱後冷卻都有可能會讓食物出現抵抗消化的抗性澱粉，像是壽司飯、義大利麵… 等。一樣是白米飯，做成壽司飯後升糖指數就會下降。
//===
澱粉: starch; amylum; farina; amylon; maizena
（用澱粉製成的粉條或粉絲） noodles or vermicelli made from bean/potato
//=== https://www.nutrinote.co/2015/08/19/%E6%BE%B1%E7%B2%89%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%90%83%E4%B8%8B%E8%82%9A%E5%BE%8C%E7%99%BC%E7%94%9F%E4%BB%80%E9%BA%BC%E4%BA%8B%E6%83%85%EF%BC%9F%EF%BC%882%EF%BC%89/
...
含有澱粉的食物：
農作物：稻米、綠豆、紅豆、馬鈴薯、地瓜、玉米、小麥、燕麥、大麥、薏仁…
食材：麵粉、麵條、米、糙米、義大利麵…
食物：麵包、薯條、包子饅頭、碗糕、米糕、發糕、餅乾、蛋糕、炸物的裹粉、蘿蔔糕、洋芋片..
上面列出一些常見的項目，你可以發現想從飲食中杜絕澱粉會是一件滿辛苦的事情。
...
升糖指數是個跟糖與含澱粉食物有密切關係的數值，它是用來衡量人在吃下某種食物後，血糖上升的情形，升糖指數越高的食物血糖就會上升的比較快；反之，就會上升的比較慢。有個比較簡單的理解概念「升糖指數反應食物的消化速度，數值越高越好消化。」
一般來說，越是精製的食物，如果白米、白麵條，升糖指數高；反之，較低。
...
用餐時以菜肉飯的順序就能延緩血糖的上升，這其實就是利用膳食纖維的特性與混和食物的阻礙來延緩澱粉消化與吸收的概念。
...
//=== https://www.nutrinote.co/2015/09/02/%E6%BE%B1%E7%B2%89%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%90%83%E4%B8%8B%E8%82%9A%E5%BE%8C%E7%99%BC%E7%94%9F%E4%BB%80%E9%BA%BC%E4%BA%8B%E6%83%85%EF%BC%9F%EF%BC%883%EF%BC%89/
...
並不是所有的澱粉我們都消化得了，澱粉食物在小腸裡面經過消化後最後會出現兩種命運：
變成葡萄糖：可以被消化的澱粉或糊精，最後會被消化分解成單醣的葡萄糖
抗性澱粉 or 糊精：有時候澱粉食物會出現人體酵素沒辦法消化的連結，也就是抵抗消化的澱粉或糊精，它們就沒辦法被分解成葡萄糖供人體利用。
抗性澱粉（糊精）：有些植物的澱粉結構比較特別或是食物經過加熱後冷卻都有可能會讓食物出現抵抗消化的抗性澱粉，像是壽司飯、義大利麵… 等。一樣是白米飯，做成壽司飯後升糖指數就會下降。
//===
醣類 == 碳水化合物 的英文
醣類 的英文 == 碳水化合物
xxx carbonhydrate
--> carbohydrate
https://market.cloud.edu.tw/content/junior/bio/tc_wc/textbook/ch02/supply2-0-6.htm
多數的醣類，其氫、氧之比例與水一樣，故又稱為碳水化合物。
sugar ?
醣與糖的區別，在於「醣」即泛指所有的碳水化合物，如肝醣、纖維質、澱粉等；而「糖」是指具有甜味的醣類，如葡萄糖、麥芽糖等。
...
醣類根據其水解產物大致可分為四類：單醣類、雙醣類、寡醣類、多醣類。
...
雙醣類：
加酸水解或經消化脢作用可水解為兩分子的醣類，稱為雙醣。
常見雙糖的分佈及特性：
蔗糖：廣佈於帶甜味的蔬菜、水果中。蔗糖的旋光性為右旋，但水解後的果糖有很強的左旋性，使得水解後的混和物呈左旋性，故此混和液特稱為轉化糖。
麥芽糖：為澱粉及麥芽的水解產物，常用於加工食品中。
乳糖：由哺乳動物產生的醣類，是唯一來自於動物的醣類。因乳糖的甜味低，有利於鈣的吸收，亦可促進腸管蠕動，故有利於嬰兒食用。
常見的雙醣反應是如下：
◎蔗糖→葡萄糖＋果糖
◎乳糖→葡萄糖＋半乳糖
◎麥芽糖→葡萄糖＋葡萄糖
....
多醣類：
水解後能產生10分子以上的單醣。
多醣類具有很高的分子量，無固定形狀，不會結晶、不甜、不溶於水。又可分為
可消化的多醣類，如澱粉、糊精、肝醣，及
不可消化的多醣類，如纖維素、樹膠、果膠等。
...
醣類的消化與吸收：
◎消化的過程：
消化器官 機械性作用 (分泌的消化脢 作 用)
口 腔 可將食物磨碎並與唾液完全混和 澱粉脢（Ptyalin） 使澱粉分解為糊精並使糊精進一步分解為麥芽糖
胃 繼續食物的磨碎與攪拌 鹽酸（HCl） 中和唾液的鹼性，以抑制唾液的澱粉脢。
小 腸 擺動、蠕動、分節運動， 胰臟分泌的胰液內含胰蛋白脢 分解澱粉為糊精及麥芽糖
腸壁內含有各種雙醣脢 將雙醣轉變為單醣
小腸液的雙醣脢，包括麥芽糖脢（Maltase）、蔗糖脢（Sucrase）、乳糖脢（Lactase）、異麥芽糖脢（Isomaltase）、糊精脢（Dextrinase），
皆存於上皮細胞之刷狀緣（Brush border）內。
所以醣類的消化是一種膜消化（Membrane digestion），此種消化很完全，使得醣類的消化率高達98﹪。
https://market.cloud.edu.tw/content/junior/bio/tc_wc/textbook/ch02/supply2-0-6.htm
//=== https://tw.ichacha.net/%E9%86%A3%E9%A1%9E.html
...
helps insulin metabolize fat and converts sugar into energy
幫助胰島素代謝脂肪，及把醣類轉化為能源。
...
It takes as little as 20 grams of ingested carbohydrate to raise insulin and reduce fat as fuel
只要攝取少少地20克的醣類就能提高胰島素和減少脂肪提供能量。
Concentration of blood triglyceride increases immediately with excessive alcohol and huge intake of fat and carbohydrate , etc
血液中的三酸甘油脂濃度會實時受到食物成份影響，如酗酒、高脂或高醣類食物等。
...
The effects of insulin can last up to eight hours , especially after a big dose of carbohydrates ,
such as you might get from a big plate of spaghetti and rolls followed by a bowl of sorbet
胰島素的效應會延長至8小時，尤其在吃下大量醣類后，好比吃了一大盤的義大利面后再吃一碗果凍。
...
//===
xxx carbonhydrate
--> carbohydrate
https://market.cloud.edu.tw/content/junior/bio/tc_wc/textbook/ch02/supply2-0-6.htm
多數的醣類，其氫、氧之比例與水一樣，故又稱為碳水化合物。
sugar ?
醣與糖的區別，在於「醣」即泛指所有的碳水化合物，如肝醣、纖維質、澱粉等；而「糖」是指具有甜味的醣類，如葡萄糖、麥芽糖等。
...
醣類根據其水解產物大致可分為四類：單醣類、雙醣類、寡醣類、多醣類。
...
雙醣類：
加酸水解或經消化脢作用可水解為兩分子的醣類，稱為雙醣。
常見雙糖的分佈及特性：
蔗糖：廣佈於帶甜味的蔬菜、水果中。蔗糖的旋光性為右旋，但水解後的果糖有很強的左旋性，使得水解後的混和物呈左旋性，故此混和液特稱為轉化糖。
麥芽糖：為澱粉及麥芽的水解產物，常用於加工食品中。
乳糖：由哺乳動物產生的醣類，是唯一來自於動物的醣類。因乳糖的甜味低，有利於鈣的吸收，亦可促進腸管蠕動，故有利於嬰兒食用。
常見的雙醣反應是如下：
◎蔗糖→葡萄糖＋果糖
◎乳糖→葡萄糖＋半乳糖
◎麥芽糖→葡萄糖＋葡萄糖
....
多醣類：
水解後能產生10分子以上的單醣。
多醣類具有很高的分子量，無固定形狀，不會結晶、不甜、不溶於水。又可分為
可消化的多醣類，如澱粉、糊精、肝醣，及
不可消化的多醣類，如纖維素、樹膠、果膠等。
...
醣類的消化與吸收：
◎消化的過程：
消化器官 機械性作用 (分泌的消化脢 作 用)
口 腔 可將食物磨碎並與唾液完全混和 澱粉脢（Ptyalin） 使澱粉分解為糊精並使糊精進一步分解為麥芽糖
胃 繼續食物的磨碎與攪拌 鹽酸（HCl） 中和唾液的鹼性，以抑制唾液的澱粉脢。
小 腸 擺動、蠕動、分節運動， 胰臟分泌的胰液內含胰蛋白脢 分解澱粉為糊精及麥芽糖
腸壁內含有各種雙醣脢 將雙醣轉變為單醣
小腸液的雙醣脢，包括麥芽糖脢（Maltase）、蔗糖脢（Sucrase）、乳糖脢（Lactase）、異麥芽糖脢（Isomaltase）、糊精脢（Dextrinase），
皆存於上皮細胞之刷狀緣（Brush border）內。
所以醣類的消化是一種膜消化（Membrane digestion），此種消化很完全，使得醣類的消化率高達98﹪。
https://market.cloud.edu.tw/content/junior/bio/tc_wc/textbook/ch02/supply2-0-6.htm
//=== https://tw.ichacha.net/%E9%86%A3%E9%A1%9E.html
...
helps insulin metabolize fat and converts sugar into energy
幫助胰島素代謝脂肪，及把醣類轉化為能源。
...
It takes as little as 20 grams of ingested carbohydrate to raise insulin and reduce fat as fuel
只要攝取少少地20克的醣類就能提高胰島素和減少脂肪提供能量。
Concentration of blood triglyceride increases immediately with excessive alcohol and huge intake of fat and carbohydrate , etc
血液中的三酸甘油脂濃度會實時受到食物成份影響，如酗酒、高脂或高醣類食物等。
...
The effects of insulin can last up to eight hours , especially after a big dose of carbohydrates ,
such as you might get from a big plate of spaghetti and rolls followed by a bowl of sorbet
胰島素的效應會延長至8小時，尤其在吃下大量醣類后，好比吃了一大盤的義大利面后再吃一碗果凍。
...
//===
名義上的英文
//=== 名義上的
nominal
nominally
//=== https://tw.ichacha.net/nominee.html
assignee; nominee: 被指定人
bank nominee: 銀行指定的代理人
central nominee: 中央代理人
common nominee: 共享代理人; 共用代理人
depository nominee: 存管代理人
nominee account: 代理人戶口; 代名人戶口; 人頭戶
nominee buyer: 指定買主
nominee corporation: 名義上存在的公司
nominee holding: 名義上持股
nominee holdings: 名義上的持有股份, 代理持有股份
oscar nominee: 被提名奧斯卡的人
nominative case: 主格
nominative absolute: 絕對分詞子句
nominative:
adj. 1.【語法】主格的。 2.被提名[指定]的。 Is it nominative or elective ?
n. 【語法】主格；主格語。
//=== nominee company
代理人公司
託管公司
Any arrangement used any nominee companies to act on my behalf for my application
任何代理人的任何安排，代本人作出申請 ...
They used numerous offshore nominee companies with bank accounts in Hong Kong to launder their proceeds
nominal
nominally
//=== https://tw.ichacha.net/nominee.html
assignee; nominee: 被指定人
bank nominee: 銀行指定的代理人
central nominee: 中央代理人
common nominee: 共享代理人; 共用代理人
depository nominee: 存管代理人
nominee account: 代理人戶口; 代名人戶口; 人頭戶
nominee buyer: 指定買主
nominee corporation: 名義上存在的公司
nominee holding: 名義上持股
nominee holdings: 名義上的持有股份, 代理持有股份
oscar nominee: 被提名奧斯卡的人
nominative case: 主格
nominative absolute: 絕對分詞子句
nominative:
adj. 1.【語法】主格的。 2.被提名[指定]的。 Is it nominative or elective ?
n. 【語法】主格；主格語。
//=== nominee company
代理人公司
託管公司
Any arrangement used any nominee companies to act on my behalf for my application
任何代理人的任何安排，代本人作出申請 ...
They used numerous offshore nominee companies with bank accounts in Hong Kong to launder their proceeds
Tuesday, August 29, 2017
Jesus, Moses, Jerusalem, Sabbath
https://www.howtopronounce.com/jesus/
Jesus, /ˈʤiːzəs/
https://www.howtopronounce.com/moses/
Moses, /m-OH-z-ih-s/, /MO-zuhs/
https://www.howtopronounce.com/jerusalem/
Jerusalem, /dzheh-ROO-suh-lehm/
https://www.howtopronounce.com/sabbath/
Sabbath, /ˈsæbəθ/
Jesus, /ˈʤiːzəs/
https://www.howtopronounce.com/moses/
Moses, /m-OH-z-ih-s/, /MO-zuhs/
https://www.howtopronounce.com/jerusalem/
Jerusalem, /dzheh-ROO-suh-lehm/
https://www.howtopronounce.com/sabbath/
Sabbath, /ˈsæbəθ/
中獎 vs 領獎
中獎, to win the prize/lottery
領獎, to accept/collect the prize/award
兌獎, to redeem the prize
對獎, to match the winning numbers
//=== to match the winning numbers
http://claireandbean.pixnet.net/blog/post/29116871
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/personalfinance/lottery-draw/12153672/national-lottery-draw-saturdy-lotto-jackpot-results-and-numbers-watch-live.html
....
National Lottery results:
did you match the winning numbers in last night's Lotto draw and how much is the jackpot?
There was no outright winner on Wednesday so the jackpot stands at £32.8m
...
//=== jackpot
頭獎, 大獎, 賭注
to hit the jackpot
to hit the books
http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/11/7/7/n3308095.htm
習慣用語 hit the books意思是用功啃書本。
...
I’m failing right now in my economics course, so I’ll have to hit the books all weekend long and hope I can remember enough to pass the exam on Monday.
...
to hit one’s stride是指任何人在從事某項工作的時候發揮他能力的最高水平。
...
Jackpot來自一種流行的撲克牌賭博，jack也算是大牌，它高於十，卻僅低於Queen, King, Ace。
Pot是大家放在桌子中心的全部賭注。
如果發牌人說只有在參加玩牌的某個人手中有一對Jack或者更大的牌的時候他們才可以開局下注，
這時候pot就會變成jackpot
...
http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/11/7/7/n3308095.htm
https://tw.ichacha.net/jackpot.html
to hit the jackpot
贏得大筆賭注；獲得極大成功，運氣非常好
//===
How To Win Maryland Multi Match Lotto Winning Numbers ?
統一發票中獎
to win the Taiwan Receipt/Invoice Lottery
??? invoice是所謂商業發票，和統一發票不一樣,大小也不同
//=== https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_Invoice_lottery
The Uniform Invoice or Unified Invoice, better known as the Taiwan receipt lottery (traditional Chinese: 統一發票; simplified Chinese: 统一发票; pinyin: Tǒngyī fāpiào), is a form of state lottery managed by the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of China.
....
//=== New York Lottery - How to Redeem Your Prize
...
Please remember each ticket is a bearer instrument. Sign the back of your ticket for your protection. You can collect a prize of up to and including $600 from any
...
//=== http://www.ichacha.net/%E9%A2%86%E5%A5%96.html
And so it is a great honor for me to accept this award .
Redemption can be made in one of the following ways
Roger ： we get our bonuses today . i can ' t wait
The winner will be there in person to collect the prize
All winners will be notified by letter individually
領獎, to accept/collect the prize/award
兌獎, to redeem the prize
對獎, to match the winning numbers
//=== to match the winning numbers
http://claireandbean.pixnet.net/blog/post/29116871
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/personalfinance/lottery-draw/12153672/national-lottery-draw-saturdy-lotto-jackpot-results-and-numbers-watch-live.html
....
National Lottery results:
did you match the winning numbers in last night's Lotto draw and how much is the jackpot?
There was no outright winner on Wednesday so the jackpot stands at £32.8m
...
//=== jackpot
頭獎, 大獎, 賭注
to hit the jackpot
to hit the books
http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/11/7/7/n3308095.htm
習慣用語 hit the books意思是用功啃書本。
...
I’m failing right now in my economics course, so I’ll have to hit the books all weekend long and hope I can remember enough to pass the exam on Monday.
...
to hit one’s stride是指任何人在從事某項工作的時候發揮他能力的最高水平。
...
Jackpot來自一種流行的撲克牌賭博，jack也算是大牌，它高於十，卻僅低於Queen, King, Ace。
Pot是大家放在桌子中心的全部賭注。
如果發牌人說只有在參加玩牌的某個人手中有一對Jack或者更大的牌的時候他們才可以開局下注，
這時候pot就會變成jackpot
...
http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/11/7/7/n3308095.htm
https://tw.ichacha.net/jackpot.html
to hit the jackpot
贏得大筆賭注；獲得極大成功，運氣非常好
//===
How To Win Maryland Multi Match Lotto Winning Numbers ?
統一發票中獎
to win the Taiwan Receipt/Invoice Lottery
??? invoice是所謂商業發票，和統一發票不一樣,大小也不同
//=== https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_Invoice_lottery
The Uniform Invoice or Unified Invoice, better known as the Taiwan receipt lottery (traditional Chinese: 統一發票; simplified Chinese: 统一发票; pinyin: Tǒngyī fāpiào), is a form of state lottery managed by the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of China.
....
//=== New York Lottery - How to Redeem Your Prize
...
Please remember each ticket is a bearer instrument. Sign the back of your ticket for your protection. You can collect a prize of up to and including $600 from any
...
//=== http://www.ichacha.net/%E9%A2%86%E5%A5%96.html
And so it is a great honor for me to accept this award .
Redemption can be made in one of the following ways
Roger ： we get our bonuses today . i can ' t wait
The winner will be there in person to collect the prize
All winners will be notified by letter individually
Saturday, August 26, 2017
聖經的英文, inv'alid vs 'invalid
https://tw.ichacha.net/invalid.html
//=== invalid /in v'ae lid/,
a. 無效的, 沒有法律效力的, （觀點、論點等）站不住腳的, 不合邏輯的
invalid arguments 站不住腳的論點。
invalid cheques 無效的支票。
invalid claims 無效的要求。
invalid contracts 無效的契約。
declare a marriage invalid宣布結婚無效。
//=== invalid /'in v. lid/
https://tw.ichacha.net/invalid.html
n. 病人，病弱者，病號，傷病軍人。
a resort for invalids 傷病員療養地。
a.
1.有病的，病弱的，傷殘的。
2.病人用的。
invalid soldiers 傷兵。
an invalid chair 病人用椅。
an invalid diet 病號菜飯。
//===
invalid /in v'ae lid/,
invalid /'in v. lid/
重音位置不同, 意思也有了轉變
//===
https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%205
a pool called Bethesda having healing power ?
John 5
The Healing at the Pool
2 Now there is in Jerusalem near the Sheep Gate a pool, which in Aramaic is called Bethesda
...
One who was there had been an invalid for thirty-eight years.
6 When Jesus saw him lying there and learned that he had been in this condition for a long time, he asked him, “Do you want to get well?”
7 “Sir,” the invalid replied, “I have no one to help me into the pool when the water is stirred. While I am trying to get in, someone else goes down ahead of me.”
8 Then Jesus said to him, “Get up! Pick up your mat and walk.”
9 At once the man was cured; he picked up his mat and walked.
The day on which this took place was a Sabbath,
10 and so the Jewish leaders said to the man who had been healed,
“It is the Sabbath; the law forbids you to carry your mat.”
...
//=== invalid /in v'ae lid/,
a. 無效的, 沒有法律效力的, （觀點、論點等）站不住腳的, 不合邏輯的
invalid arguments 站不住腳的論點。
invalid cheques 無效的支票。
invalid claims 無效的要求。
invalid contracts 無效的契約。
declare a marriage invalid宣布結婚無效。
//=== invalid /'in v. lid/
https://tw.ichacha.net/invalid.html
n. 病人，病弱者，病號，傷病軍人。
a resort for invalids 傷病員療養地。
a.
1.有病的，病弱的，傷殘的。
2.病人用的。
invalid soldiers 傷兵。
an invalid chair 病人用椅。
an invalid diet 病號菜飯。
//===
invalid /in v'ae lid/,
invalid /'in v. lid/
重音位置不同, 意思也有了轉變
//===
https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%205
a pool called Bethesda having healing power ?
John 5
The Healing at the Pool
2 Now there is in Jerusalem near the Sheep Gate a pool, which in Aramaic is called Bethesda
...
One who was there had been an invalid for thirty-eight years.
6 When Jesus saw him lying there and learned that he had been in this condition for a long time, he asked him, “Do you want to get well?”
7 “Sir,” the invalid replied, “I have no one to help me into the pool when the water is stirred. While I am trying to get in, someone else goes down ahead of me.”
8 Then Jesus said to him, “Get up! Pick up your mat and walk.”
9 At once the man was cured; he picked up his mat and walked.
The day on which this took place was a Sabbath,
10 and so the Jewish leaders said to the man who had been healed,
“It is the Sabbath; the law forbids you to carry your mat.”
...
Thursday, August 24, 2017
pee, wee, poo, poop, pooh
//=== https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/wee-and-poo-uses.3181372/
Do you need TO wee/poo? Do you have TO wee/poo? (England)
Do you need TO pee/poop? Do you have TO pee/poop? (U.S.A.)
Do you need to do a wee? (a little more informal, perhaps, UK)
Do you need to use the restroom/bathroom? (more formal & general, US)
Do you need to go to the restroom/bathroom? (more formal & general, US)
Do you need to potty? (informal & general, US)
Do you need to go potty? (informal & general, US)
All would be appropriate when addressing children.
//===
pee and poop in AmEn are not limited to use with children, and
those are the words that adults usually use when they don't want to be vulgar.
Peepee and go potty are only for children
//=== informal
poo /pu:/ , 便便, n/v
n, excrement,
v, defecate,
poo= poop,
poop /pu:p/
pooh /pu:/
pooh is an exclamation,
said when you smell something unpleasant:
Pooh! Something stinks in here.
//=== informal
pee /pi:/, 尿尿, n/v
n, urine, an act of urinating
v. urinate
//=== informal
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/wee
wee /wi:/ , adj, small; little:
You were just a wee lad the last time I saw you.
Would you care for a wee bit more to eat?
wee,
v, to urinate
n, urine / an act of urinating
wee == pee
//=== formal
urine, n
urinate, v
excrement, n
defecate, v
//===
//===
Do you need TO wee/poo? Do you have TO wee/poo? (England)
Do you need TO pee/poop? Do you have TO pee/poop? (U.S.A.)
Do you need to do a wee? (a little more informal, perhaps, UK)
Do you need to use the restroom/bathroom? (more formal & general, US)
Do you need to go to the restroom/bathroom? (more formal & general, US)
Do you need to potty? (informal & general, US)
Do you need to go potty? (informal & general, US)
All would be appropriate when addressing children.
//===
pee and poop in AmEn are not limited to use with children, and
those are the words that adults usually use when they don't want to be vulgar.
Peepee and go potty are only for children
//=== informal
poo /pu:/ , 便便, n/v
n, excrement,
v, defecate,
poo= poop,
poop /pu:p/
pooh /pu:/
pooh is an exclamation,
said when you smell something unpleasant:
Pooh! Something stinks in here.
//=== informal
pee /pi:/, 尿尿, n/v
n, urine, an act of urinating
v. urinate
//=== informal
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/wee
wee /wi:/ , adj, small; little:
You were just a wee lad the last time I saw you.
Would you care for a wee bit more to eat?
wee,
v, to urinate
n, urine / an act of urinating
wee == pee
//=== formal
urine, n
urinate, v
excrement, n
defecate, v
//===
//===
撿到東西的英文
撿到/拾獲 東西 的英文 不是 pick up !!
撿到東西 !== 把東西撿起來
//=== http://www.branbibi.com/blog/s.php?n=english-words&tid=%E6%92%BF%E5%88%B0%E6%9D%B1%E8%A5%BF%E7%9A%84%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87%E8%AA%AA%E6%B3%95
pick up the phone 拿起電話,
pick up the scraps of paper 把紙屑撿起來，
pick up 也可以當成＂接＂的意思，
例如從機場接機英文就說 pick up sb. from the airport，
//===
路上撿到的 老舊陳沉重的組合音響? 擴大機?
拆解
I "found" an old-and-heavy audio amplifier on the "street" ,
picked it up and "dismantled" it into pieces of parts.
* pick up 表示拿起來/撿起來, 並沒有拾獲的意思
* 撿到 --> find and pick it up
* 拆解 , decompose --> dismantle
Living things decompose.
When things like buildings or organizations break down,
typically use words like dismantle or deconstruct to describe the process.
//=== http://blogs.teachersammy.com/Blogs/entry/common-English-error-i-picked-up-a-wallet-on-the-street
I found a wallet in the taxi the other day. (我前幾天在計程車上撿到皮夾。)
( the other day 指的是幾天前不明確的某一天)
I turned in the wallet I found on the street to the police.
(我把在路上撿到的皮夾交給了警方。)
The little boy turned in the money he found on the playground to a teacher.
(小男孩把他在遊樂場撿到的錢交給一名老師。)
撿到東西 !== 把東西撿起來
//=== http://www.branbibi.com/blog/s.php?n=english-words&tid=%E6%92%BF%E5%88%B0%E6%9D%B1%E8%A5%BF%E7%9A%84%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87%E8%AA%AA%E6%B3%95
pick up the phone 拿起電話,
pick up the scraps of paper 把紙屑撿起來，
pick up 也可以當成＂接＂的意思，
例如從機場接機英文就說 pick up sb. from the airport，
//===
路上撿到的 老舊陳沉重的組合音響? 擴大機?
拆解
I "found" an old-and-heavy audio amplifier on the "street" ,
picked it up and "dismantled" it into pieces of parts.
* pick up 表示拿起來/撿起來, 並沒有拾獲的意思
* 撿到 --> find and pick it up
* 拆解 , decompose --> dismantle
Living things decompose.
When things like buildings or organizations break down,
typically use words like dismantle or deconstruct to describe the process.
//=== http://blogs.teachersammy.com/Blogs/entry/common-English-error-i-picked-up-a-wallet-on-the-street
I found a wallet in the taxi the other day. (我前幾天在計程車上撿到皮夾。)
( the other day 指的是幾天前不明確的某一天)
I turned in the wallet I found on the street to the police.
(我把在路上撿到的皮夾交給了警方。)
The little boy turned in the money he found on the playground to a teacher.
(小男孩把他在遊樂場撿到的錢交給一名老師。)
消極的英文
by google :
passive
inactive
taking a passive attitude
not motivated
unmotivated
negative
* Often a patient cannot snap out of their negativity that easily.
* If they're not motivated, move on to the next deal rather than trying to work with an unmotivated seller.
* I did not want live a unmotivated and meaningless life like this ...
* unmotivated students are more common than novice teachers realize ...
* Most unmotivated people get distracted by a daunting challenge...
passive
inactive
taking a passive attitude
not motivated
unmotivated
negative
* Often a patient cannot snap out of their negativity that easily.
* If they're not motivated, move on to the next deal rather than trying to work with an unmotivated seller.
* I did not want live a unmotivated and meaningless life like this ...
* unmotivated students are more common than novice teachers realize ...
* Most unmotivated people get distracted by a daunting challenge...
Sunday, August 13, 2017
聖經的英文- Passover
//===
to pass over sb/sth
to ignore or to not give attention to someone or something:
--> 忽略/忽視/跳過
//=== Passover Festival
一般翻譯成逾越節,
不過根據 Exodus 12, 似乎翻譯成 跳過節 或者 豁免節 比較貼近
//===
unleavened /.n l'ev.nd/, adj , without yeast, 未發酵的，未用酵母的，
無酵餅, the bread made without yeast, the unleavened bread
leaven /l'ev.n/
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/leaven
vt
1. to add a substance to bread or another food made with flour to make it increase in size when it is cooked
2. to make something less boring:
Even a speech on a serious subject should be leavened with a little humour.
Heaven do not need to be leavened?
circumcise /s'3r k.m s,aiz/, 割禮, 割包皮
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/circumcise
v. to cut off the foreskin
//=== https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus%2012
Exodus 12
The Passover and the Festival of Unleavened Bread
12
The Lord said to Moses and Aaron in Egypt, 2 “This month is to be for you the first month, the first month of your year.
3 Tell the whole community of Israel that on the tenth day of this month each man is to take a lamb[a] for his family, one for each household.
4 If any household is too small for a whole lamb, they must share one with their nearest neighbor,
having taken into account the number of people there are.
You are to determine the amount of lamb needed in accordance with what each person will eat.
5 The animals you choose must be year-old males without defect, and you may take them from the sheep or the goats.
6 Take care of them until the fourteenth day of the month, when all the members of the community of Israel must slaughter them at twilight.
7 Then they are to take some of the blood and put it on the sides and tops of the doorframes of the houses where they eat the lambs.
8 That same night they are to eat the meat roasted over the fire, along with bitter herbs, and "bread made without yeast".
9 Do not eat the meat raw or boiled in water, but roast it over a fire—with the head, legs and internal organs.
10 Do not leave any of it till morning; if some is left till morning, you must burn it.
11 This is how you are to eat it: with your cloak tucked into your belt, your sandals on your feet and your staff in your hand.
Eat it in haste; it is the Lord’s Passover.
12 “On that same night I will pass through Egypt and strike down every firstborn of both people and animals, and
I will bring judgment on all the gods of Egypt.
I am the Lord.
13 The blood will be a sign for you on the houses where you are, and when I see the blood, I will pass over you.
No destructive plague will touch you when I strike Egypt.
14 “This is a day you are to commemorate; for the generations to come you shall celebrate it as a festival to the Lord—a lasting ordinance.
15 For seven days you are to eat bread made without yeast. On the first day remove the yeast from your houses, for whoever eats anything with yeast in it from the first day through the seventh must be cut off from Israel. 16 On the first day hold a sacred assembly, and another one on the seventh day. Do no work at all on these days, except to prepare food for everyone to eat; that is all you may do.
17 “Celebrate the Festival of Unleavened Bread, because it was on this very day that I brought your divisions out of Egypt. Celebrate this day as a lasting ordinance for the generations to come. 18 In the first month you are to eat bread made without yeast, from the evening of the fourteenth day until the evening of the twenty-first day. 19 For seven days no yeast is to be found in your houses. And anyone, whether foreigner or native-born, who eats anything with yeast in it must be cut off from the community of Israel. 20 Eat nothing made with yeast. Wherever you live, you must eat unleavened bread.”
21 Then Moses summoned all the elders of Israel and said to them, “Go at once and select the animals for your families and slaughter the Passover lamb. 22 Take a bunch of hyssop, dip it into the blood in the basin and put some of the blood on the top and on both sides of the doorframe. None of you shall go out of the door of your house until morning. 23 When the Lord goes through the land to strike down the Egyptians, he will see the blood on the top and sides of the doorframe and will pass over that doorway, and he will not permit the destroyer to enter your houses and strike you down.
24 “Obey these instructions as a lasting ordinance for you and your descendants. 25 When you enter the land that the Lord will give you as he promised, observe this ceremony. 26 And when your children ask you, ‘What does this ceremony mean to you?’ 27 then tell them, ‘It is the Passover sacrifice to the Lord, who passed over the houses of the Israelites in Egypt and spared our homes when he struck down the Egyptians.’” Then the people bowed down and worshiped. 28 The Israelites did just what the Lord commanded Moses and Aaron.
29 At midnight the Lord struck down all the firstborn in Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh, who sat on the throne, to the firstborn of the prisoner, who was in the dungeon, and the firstborn of all the livestock as well. 30 Pharaoh and all his officials and all the Egyptians got up during the night, and there was loud wailing in Egypt, for there was not a house without someone dead.
The Exodus
31 During the night Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron and said, “Up! Leave my people, you and the Israelites! Go, worship the Lord as you have requested. 32 Take your flocks and herds, as you have said, and go. And also bless me.”
33 The Egyptians urged the people to hurry and leave the country. “For otherwise,” they said, “we will all die!” 34 So the people took their dough before the yeast was added, and carried it on their shoulders in kneading troughs wrapped in clothing. 35 The Israelites did as Moses instructed and asked the Egyptians for articles of silver and gold and for clothing. 36 The Lord had made the Egyptians favorably disposed toward the people, and they gave them what they asked for; so they plundered the Egyptians.
37 The Israelites journeyed from Rameses to Sukkoth. There were about six hundred thousand men on foot, besides women and children. 38 Many other people went up with them, and also large droves of livestock, both flocks and herds. 39 With the dough the Israelites had brought from Egypt, they baked loaves of unleavened bread. The dough was without yeast because they had been driven out of Egypt and did not have time to prepare food for themselves.
40 Now the length of time the Israelite people lived in Egypt[b] was 430 years. 41 At the end of the 430 years, to the very day, all the Lord’s divisions left Egypt. 42 Because the Lord kept vigil that night to bring them out of Egypt, on this night all the Israelites are to keep vigil to honor the Lord for the generations to come.
Passover Restrictions
43 The Lord said to Moses and Aaron, “These are the regulations for the Passover meal:
“No foreigner may eat it.
44 Any slave you have bought may eat it after you have circumcised him,
45 but a temporary resident or a hired worker may not eat it.
46 “It must be eaten inside the house; take none of the meat outside the house. Do not break any of the bones.
47 The whole community of Israel must celebrate it.
48 “A foreigner residing among you who wants to celebrate the Lord’s Passover must have all the males in his household circumcised;
then he may take part like one born in the land. No uncircumcised male may eat it. 49 The same law applies both to the native-born and to the foreigner residing among you.”
50 All the Israelites did just what the Lord had commanded Moses and Aaron. 51 And on that very day the Lord brought the Israelites out of Egypt by their divisions.
//=== ordinance /'>rd.n.nce/
a law or rule made by a government or authority:
City Ordinance 126 forbids the parking of cars in this area.
to pass over sb/sth
to ignore or to not give attention to someone or something:
--> 忽略/忽視/跳過
//=== Passover Festival
一般翻譯成逾越節,
不過根據 Exodus 12, 似乎翻譯成 跳過節 或者 豁免節 比較貼近
//===
unleavened /.n l'ev.nd/, adj , without yeast, 未發酵的，未用酵母的，
無酵餅, the bread made without yeast, the unleavened bread
leaven /l'ev.n/
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/leaven
vt
1. to add a substance to bread or another food made with flour to make it increase in size when it is cooked
2. to make something less boring:
Even a speech on a serious subject should be leavened with a little humour.
Heaven do not need to be leavened?
circumcise /s'3r k.m s,aiz/, 割禮, 割包皮
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/circumcise
v. to cut off the foreskin
//=== https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus%2012
Exodus 12
The Passover and the Festival of Unleavened Bread
12
The Lord said to Moses and Aaron in Egypt, 2 “This month is to be for you the first month, the first month of your year.
3 Tell the whole community of Israel that on the tenth day of this month each man is to take a lamb[a] for his family, one for each household.
4 If any household is too small for a whole lamb, they must share one with their nearest neighbor,
having taken into account the number of people there are.
You are to determine the amount of lamb needed in accordance with what each person will eat.
5 The animals you choose must be year-old males without defect, and you may take them from the sheep or the goats.
6 Take care of them until the fourteenth day of the month, when all the members of the community of Israel must slaughter them at twilight.
7 Then they are to take some of the blood and put it on the sides and tops of the doorframes of the houses where they eat the lambs.
8 That same night they are to eat the meat roasted over the fire, along with bitter herbs, and "bread made without yeast".
9 Do not eat the meat raw or boiled in water, but roast it over a fire—with the head, legs and internal organs.
10 Do not leave any of it till morning; if some is left till morning, you must burn it.
11 This is how you are to eat it: with your cloak tucked into your belt, your sandals on your feet and your staff in your hand.
Eat it in haste; it is the Lord’s Passover.
12 “On that same night I will pass through Egypt and strike down every firstborn of both people and animals, and
I will bring judgment on all the gods of Egypt.
I am the Lord.
13 The blood will be a sign for you on the houses where you are, and when I see the blood, I will pass over you.
No destructive plague will touch you when I strike Egypt.
14 “This is a day you are to commemorate; for the generations to come you shall celebrate it as a festival to the Lord—a lasting ordinance.
15 For seven days you are to eat bread made without yeast. On the first day remove the yeast from your houses, for whoever eats anything with yeast in it from the first day through the seventh must be cut off from Israel. 16 On the first day hold a sacred assembly, and another one on the seventh day. Do no work at all on these days, except to prepare food for everyone to eat; that is all you may do.
17 “Celebrate the Festival of Unleavened Bread, because it was on this very day that I brought your divisions out of Egypt. Celebrate this day as a lasting ordinance for the generations to come. 18 In the first month you are to eat bread made without yeast, from the evening of the fourteenth day until the evening of the twenty-first day. 19 For seven days no yeast is to be found in your houses. And anyone, whether foreigner or native-born, who eats anything with yeast in it must be cut off from the community of Israel. 20 Eat nothing made with yeast. Wherever you live, you must eat unleavened bread.”
21 Then Moses summoned all the elders of Israel and said to them, “Go at once and select the animals for your families and slaughter the Passover lamb. 22 Take a bunch of hyssop, dip it into the blood in the basin and put some of the blood on the top and on both sides of the doorframe. None of you shall go out of the door of your house until morning. 23 When the Lord goes through the land to strike down the Egyptians, he will see the blood on the top and sides of the doorframe and will pass over that doorway, and he will not permit the destroyer to enter your houses and strike you down.
24 “Obey these instructions as a lasting ordinance for you and your descendants. 25 When you enter the land that the Lord will give you as he promised, observe this ceremony. 26 And when your children ask you, ‘What does this ceremony mean to you?’ 27 then tell them, ‘It is the Passover sacrifice to the Lord, who passed over the houses of the Israelites in Egypt and spared our homes when he struck down the Egyptians.’” Then the people bowed down and worshiped. 28 The Israelites did just what the Lord commanded Moses and Aaron.
29 At midnight the Lord struck down all the firstborn in Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh, who sat on the throne, to the firstborn of the prisoner, who was in the dungeon, and the firstborn of all the livestock as well. 30 Pharaoh and all his officials and all the Egyptians got up during the night, and there was loud wailing in Egypt, for there was not a house without someone dead.
The Exodus
31 During the night Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron and said, “Up! Leave my people, you and the Israelites! Go, worship the Lord as you have requested. 32 Take your flocks and herds, as you have said, and go. And also bless me.”
33 The Egyptians urged the people to hurry and leave the country. “For otherwise,” they said, “we will all die!” 34 So the people took their dough before the yeast was added, and carried it on their shoulders in kneading troughs wrapped in clothing. 35 The Israelites did as Moses instructed and asked the Egyptians for articles of silver and gold and for clothing. 36 The Lord had made the Egyptians favorably disposed toward the people, and they gave them what they asked for; so they plundered the Egyptians.
37 The Israelites journeyed from Rameses to Sukkoth. There were about six hundred thousand men on foot, besides women and children. 38 Many other people went up with them, and also large droves of livestock, both flocks and herds. 39 With the dough the Israelites had brought from Egypt, they baked loaves of unleavened bread. The dough was without yeast because they had been driven out of Egypt and did not have time to prepare food for themselves.
40 Now the length of time the Israelite people lived in Egypt[b] was 430 years. 41 At the end of the 430 years, to the very day, all the Lord’s divisions left Egypt. 42 Because the Lord kept vigil that night to bring them out of Egypt, on this night all the Israelites are to keep vigil to honor the Lord for the generations to come.
Passover Restrictions
43 The Lord said to Moses and Aaron, “These are the regulations for the Passover meal:
“No foreigner may eat it.
44 Any slave you have bought may eat it after you have circumcised him,
45 but a temporary resident or a hired worker may not eat it.
46 “It must be eaten inside the house; take none of the meat outside the house. Do not break any of the bones.
47 The whole community of Israel must celebrate it.
48 “A foreigner residing among you who wants to celebrate the Lord’s Passover must have all the males in his household circumcised;
then he may take part like one born in the land. No uncircumcised male may eat it. 49 The same law applies both to the native-born and to the foreigner residing among you.”
50 All the Israelites did just what the Lord had commanded Moses and Aaron. 51 And on that very day the Lord brought the Israelites out of Egypt by their divisions.
//=== ordinance /'>rd.n.nce/
a law or rule made by a government or authority:
City Ordinance 126 forbids the parking of cars in this area.
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